Perioperative Estrogen Hormonal Therapy Does Not Increase Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Facial Feminization Surgery.

Background: Conflicting data exist regarding increased perioperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk with feminizing hormone therapy. The effect has been poorly studied within the transgender population. Acute perioperative cessation of feminizing hormone therapy often leads to unpleasant side effects and exacerbates gender dysphoria in the perioperative period.

An Unusual Complication of Bone Wax Utilization.

Bone wax is a commonly used hemostatic agent with minimal complications. Some of the known complications include inflammation, granuloma formation, infection, and impaired osteogenesis. Several clinical reports of bone wax migration have also been reported.

Photonic subsampling analog-to-digital conversion of microwave signals at 40-GHz with higher than 7-ENOB resolution.

Conversion of analog signals into digital signals is one of the most important functionalities in modern signal processing systems. As the signal frequency increases beyond 10 GHz, the timing jitter from electronic clocks, currently limited at approximately 100 fs, compromises the achievable resolution of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Owing to their ultralow timing jitter, the use of optical pulse trains from passively mode-locked lasers has been considered to be a promising way for sampling electronic signals.