Discussions With End Users to Inform the Vision for a Shared Care Record in Ontario: Qualitative Interview Study.

Background: Improving the health outcomes of populations of individuals through population health management requires the use of electronic health records that can exchange real-time digital information using an accurate and complete shared care record that is accessible to health care providers, services, and patients.

Objective: The aims of this study were to understand end users' (health care providers) experiences, attitudes, and insights using current electronic health records; their expectations of what is required to establish a shared care record; and how they anticipate adapting to the use of a shared care record in daily practice. This work is the result of a quality improvement initiative deemed not to require ethics approval according to the Western research ethics board checklist.

Sterile surgical supply waste identification using asynchronous analysis: Pediatric surgery QI pilot.

Background: The operating room (OR) is a major cost and revenue center for a hospital. One of the few modifiable costs in the OR is single-use, sterile surgical supplies (SUSSS). If SUSSS are opened on the scrub table and not used, then they are wasted.

Clinical implications of preoperative echocardiographic findings on cardiovascular outcomes following vascular surgery: An observational trial.

Introduction: Peripheral artery disease and cardiac disease are often comorbid conditions. Echocardiography is a diagnostic tool that can be performed preoperatively to risk stratify patients by a functional cardiac test. We hypothesized that ventricular dysfunction and valvular lesions were associated with an increased incidence of expanded major adverse cardiac events (Expanded MACE).

CRISPR screening identifies T cell-intrinsic regulators of CD3-bispecific antibody responses.

CD3-engaging bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) enable the formation of an immune synapse between T cells and tumor cells, resulting in robust target cell killing not dependent on a preexisting tumor specific T cell receptor. While recent studies have shed light on tumor cell-specific factors that modulate BsAb sensitivity, the T cell-intrinsic determinants of BsAb efficacy and response durability are poorly understood. To better clarify the genes that shape BsAb-induced T cell responses, we conducted targeted analyses and a large-scale unbiased CRISPR/Cas9-based screen to identify negative regulators of BsAb-induced T cell proliferation.

Surgeons' perspectives on operating room waste: Multicenter survey.

Background: Waste is endemic in the U.S. health care system.

Confronting complexity and supporting transformation through health systems mapping: a case study.

Introduction: Health systems are a complex web of interacting and interconnected parts; introducing an intervention, or the allocation of resources, in one sector can have effects across other sectors and impact the entire system. A prerequisite for effective health system reorganisation or transformation is a broad and common understanding of the current system amongst stakeholders and innovators. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure (HF) are common chronic diseases with high health care costs that require an integrated health system to effectively treat.

Self-perception and self-representation preference between 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional facial reconstructions among dentists, dental students, and laypersons.

Statement Of Problem: Computer-aided design (CAD) software can merge the intraoral digital scan with patient photographs or 3-dimensional (3D) facial reconstructions for treatment planning purposes. However, whether an individual perceives a 3D facial reconstruction as a better self-representation compared with a 2-dimensional (2D) photograph is unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this observational study was to compare self-perception ratings and self-representation preference of the 2D and 3D facial reconstructions among laypersons, dental students, and dentists.

Combinations with Allosteric SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155 to Block Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling.

Purpose: SHP2 inhibitors offer an appealing and novel approach to inhibit receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, which is the oncogenic driver in many tumors or is frequently feedback activated in response to targeted therapies including RTK inhibitors and MAPK inhibitors. We seek to evaluate the efficacy and synergistic mechanisms of combinations with a novel SHP2 inhibitor, TNO155, to inform their clinical development.

Experimental Design: The combinations of TNO155 with EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi), BRAFi, KRASi, CDK4/6i, and anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody were tested in appropriate cancer models and , and their effects on downstream signaling were examined.

Identification of TNO155, an Allosteric SHP2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cancer.

SHP2 is a nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase encoded by the gene and is involved in cell growth and differentiation via the MAPK signaling pathway. SHP2 also plays an important role in the programed cell death pathway (PD-1/PD-L1). As an oncoprotein as well as a potential immunomodulator, controlling SHP2 activity is of high therapeutic interest.

Development of Anti-CD32b Antibodies with Enhanced Fc Function for the Treatment of B and Plasma Cell Malignancies.

The sole inhibitory Fcγ receptor CD32b (FcγRIIb) is expressed throughout B and plasma cell development and on their malignant counterparts. CD32b expression on malignant B cells is known to provide a mechanism of resistance to rituximab that can be ameliorated with a CD32b-blocking antibody. CD32b, therefore, represents an attractive tumor antigen for targeting with a monoclonal antibody (mAb).

Hippocampal Volume in Psychiatric Diagnoses: Should Psychiatry Biomarker Research Account for Comorbidities?

Background: Many research papers claim that patients with specific psychiatric disorders (major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, alcohol use disorder, and others) have smaller hippocampi, but most of those reports compared patients to healthy controls. We hypothesized that if psychiatrically matched controls (psychiatric control, matched for demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) were used, much of the biomarker literature in psychiatric research would not replicate. We used hippocampus and amygdala volume only as examples, as these are very commonly replicated results in psychiatry biomarker research.

Layperson and Dental Professional Perception When Evaluating Their Own Virtually 2D or 3D Simulated Esthetic Discrepancies.

Purpose: To analyze the perceptions of laypersons, dental students, and dentists regarding disparities of the maxillary dental midline and the occlusal plane (OP) when analyzing their own 2D or 3D clinical simulation.

Material And Methods: 20 participants per group volunteered (N = 60). Intraoral and facial scans, and a photograph were obtained from each participant.

Additive manufacturing technologies for processing zirconia in dental applications.

Objective: The objective of this narrative review was to summarize the current status and future perspectives of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies with a particular emphasis on manufacturing zirconia-based materials. AM technologies include vat photopolymerization, material jetting, material extrusion, selective laser sintering (SLS), and selective laser melting (SLM) technologies based on either powder bed fusion (PBF) technologies or direct energy deposition, or sheet lamination based on binder jetting technologies.

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed, specifically evaluating AM technologies assigned for processing zirconia.

The relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.

Objective: The relationship between ketamine's hallucinogenic- and dissociative-type effects and antidepressant mechanism of action is poorly understood. This paper reviewed the correlation between subjective effects defined by various psychometric scales and observed clinical outcomes in the treatment of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

Methods: Based on PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed the dissociative and psychotomimetic mental state induced with ketamine during MDD treatment.

Intention to Return to Work after Stroke Following Rehabilitation in Ontario.

Background.: Returning to work is important for many people following stroke. An estimate of the prevalence of people intending to return to work post-stroke would be helpful in planning services supporting work reintegration.

Esthetic dental perception comparisons between 2D- and 3D-simulated dental discrepancies.

Statement Of Problem: Intraoral scanners (IOSs), facial scanners (FSs), and computer-aided design (CAD) software programs have become powerful tools for treatment planning. However, discrepancies in perception regarding 2-dimensional (2D) or 3-dimensional (3D) simulations by dentists, dental students, and laypeople have not been analyzed.

Purpose: The purpose of this observational study was to analyze the perceptions of laypersons, dental students, and dentists regarding disparities of the maxillary dental midline and the occlusal plane when analyzing the dental discrepancies on 2D- and 3D-clinical simulations.

Variation in Patient-Reported Advance Care Preferences in the Preoperative Setting.

Background: High-quality shared decision-making for patients undergoing elective surgical procedures includes eliciting patient goals and treatment preferences. This is particularly important, should complications occur and life-sustaining therapies be considered. Our objective was to determine the preoperative care preferences of older higher-risk patients undergoing elective procedures and to determine any factors associated with a preference for limitations to life-sustaining treatments.

Accuracy (trueness and precision) of a dual-structured light facial scanner and interexaminer reliability.

Statement Of Problem: Digital waxing procedures should be guided by facial references to improve the esthetic outcome of a restoration. The development of facial scanners has allowed the digitalization of the extraoral soft tissues of the patient's face. However, the reliability of facial digitizers is questionable.

Concordance in advance care preferences among high-risk surgical patients and surrogate health care decision makers in the perioperative setting.

Background: Earlier studies have demonstrated poor concordance between patients' advance care preferences and those endorsed by their surrogate health care decision makers in a medical setting. This study aimed to determine concordance in the perioperative setting among high-risk patients and to identify areas for improvement.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study set in a preoperative clinic for high-risk patients.

Distinct Transcriptional Programming Drive Response to MAPK Inhibition in -Mutant Melanoma Patient-Derived Xenografts.

Inhibitors targeting and its downstream kinase MEK produce robust response in patients with advanced -mutant melanoma. However, the duration and depth of response vary significantly between patients; therefore, predicting response remains a significant challenge. Here, we utilized the Novartis collection of patient-derived xenografts to characterize transcriptional alterations elicited by and MEK inhibitors , in an effort to identify mechanisms governing differential response to MAPK inhibition.