Effectiveness of physical activity counselling and exercise prescription education among medical students: a systematic review.

Background: Providing physical activity counselling and prescribing exercise increases patients' activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, but healthcare providers experience challenges in promoting activity to patients. Implementing educational intervention during medical training may be an effective strategy to promote physical activity and exercise counselling/prescriptions. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the impact of educational interventions on medical students' physical activity counselling and exercise prescription perceptions and practices.

Tibial Slope Is Not Associated With Implant Migration Following Cemented Total Knee Arthroplasty With a Single Implant Design.

Background: The influence of tibial slope on tibial component migration following total knee arthroplasty has not been widely studied, although excessive posterior slope has been implicated in some failures. As implant micromotion measured with radiostereometric analysis can indicate successful fixation, the purpose of this study was to determine the associations between tibial slope, tibial component migration, and inducible displacement.

Methods: Radiostereometric analyses at 6 visits over 2 years quantified implant migration for 200 cemented total knee arthroplasties.

Effectiveness of contrast-enhanced duplex ultrasound for detecting renal artery stenosis: A systematic review.

Purpose: Contrast-enhanced duplex ultrasound (CEUS) might be a useful tool to diagnosing renal artery stenosis (RAS). We amalgamated and reviewed the evidence assessing the diagnostic accuracy of CEUS on detecting RAS compared to angiography.

Methods: This preregistered systematic review included studies that compared the presence of RAS via CEUS with angiography.

A scoping review of exercise referral schemes involving qualified exercise professionals in primary health care.

Qualified exercise professionals (QEPs) have the training, knowledge, and scope of practice to effectively provide physical activity counselling, prescribe exercise, and deliver exercise programming to patients with or without chronic diseases. Healthcare providers identify an interest in referring patients to QEPs; however, the impact of exercise referral schemes (ERS) involving QEPs on patients' physical health is unclear. A scoping review regarding the available evidence of ERS involving healthcare provider referrals to QEPs was performed.

Influence of Anthropometrics on Step-Rate Thresholds for Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity in Older Adults: Scientific Modeling Study.

Background: Adults and older adults are recommended to engage in 150 minutes of moderate (MPA) to vigorous (VPA) aerobic physical activity (MVPA) per week, with the heuristic message of 3000 steps in 30 minutes (100 steps per minute [spm]). However, this message is based on adult populations, with a paucity of research on step-rate thresholds that correspond to absolute MVPA (moderate=3 metabolic equivalents [METs], vigorous=6 METs) and relative MVPA (moderate=40% estimated MET, vigorous=60% estimated MET) in older persons, who have lower stride lengths and a lower exercise capacity. Also, there is a need to consider the influence of anthropometric differences when quantifying the relationship between step rate and intensity-related physical activity.

Step Rate Thresholds Associated with Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity in Adults.

Adults are recommended to engage in 150 min of moderate (MPA) to vigorous (VPA) aerobic physical activity per week, with the public health message of obtaining 3000 steps in 30 min. There is a paucity of research on step rate thresholds that correspond to absolute MVPA (moderate = 3 METs, vigorous = 6 METs) with no research evaluating adult relative MVPA (moderate = 40% VO vigorous = 60% VO). Anthropometric differences also influence intensity-related step rate thresholds.