Performance and reliability assessment of a lower dose, task-based scoliosis radiography protocol in pediatric patients.

Background: Follow-up scoliosis radiographs are performed to assess the degree of spinal curvature and skeletal maturity, which can be done at lower radiation exposures than those in standard-dose radiography.

Objective: Describe and evaluate a protocol that reduced the radiation in follow-up frontal-view scoliosis radiographs.

Materials And Methods: We implemented a postero-anterior lower dose modified-technique for scoliosis radiography with task-based definition of adequate image quality and use of technique charts based on target exposure index and patient's height and weight.

Method of determining technique from weight and height to achieve targeted detector exposures in portable chest and abdominal digital radiography.

This study presents a methodology to develop an X-ray technique chart for portable chest and abdomen imaging which utilizes patient data available in the modality worklist (MWL) to reliably achieve a predetermined exposure index (EI) at the detector for any patient size. The method assumes a correlation between the patients' tissue equivalent thickness and the square root of the ratio of the patient's weight to height. To assess variability in detector exposures, the EI statistics for 75 chest examinations and 99 abdominal portable X-ray images acquired with the new technique chart were compared to those from a single portable unit (chest: 3877 images; abdomen: 200 images) using a conventional technique chart with three patient sizes, and to a stationary radiography room utilizing automatic exposure control (AEC) (chest: 360 images; abdomen: 112 images).

Social Distancing with Portable Chest Radiographs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Assessment of Radiograph Technique and Image Quality Obtained at 6 Feet and Through Glass.

Purpose: To develop a technique that allows portable chest radiography to be performed through the glass door of a patient's room in the emergency department.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective review of 100 radiographs (50 [mean age 59.4 ± 17.

Three-Dimensional Printing for Construction of Tissue-Equivalent Anthropomorphic Phantoms and Determination of Conceptus Dose.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a road map for rapid construction of anthropomorphic phantoms from computational human phantoms for use in diagnostic imaging dosimetry studies. These phantoms are ideal for performing pregnant-patient dosimetry because the phantoms imitate the size and attenuation properties of an average-sized pregnant woman for multiple gestational periods.

Materials And Methods: The method was derived from methods and materials previously described but adapted for 3D printing technology.

Characterizing energy dependence and count rate performance of a dual scintillator fiber-optic detector for computed tomography.

Purpose: Kilovoltage (kV) x-rays pose a significant challenge for radiation dosimetry. In the kV energy range, even small differences in material composition can result in significant variations in the absorbed energy between soft tissue and the detector. In addition, the use of electronic systems in light detection has demonstrated measurement losses at high photon fluence rates incident to the detector.

Monte Carlo simulations of adult and pediatric computed tomography exams: validation studies of organ doses with physical phantoms.

Purpose: To validate the accuracy of a Monte Carlo source model of the Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 16 CT scanner using organ doses measured in physical anthropomorphic phantoms.

Methods: The x-ray output of the Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 16 multidetector CT scanner was simulated within the Monte Carlo radiation transport code, MCNPX version 2.6.