Experiencing violence and other predictors of within-person same-day use of multiple substances in youth: a longitudinal study in emergency settings.

Although experiencing violence is a risk factor for substance use among youth, its association with same-day use of multiple substances (a form of polysubstance use) and mitigating factors is less well understood. To identify whether prosocial factors modified the effect of experiencing violence on the frequency of same-day use, and examine gender-specific risk/protective factors for same-day use. We analyzed longitudinal data from a cohort of youth who use drugs aged 14-24 ( = 599; 58% male) presenting to an urban emergency department between 2009-2011 and assessed biannually for two years.

Where Do Adults in the United States Obtain Cannabis? A Nationally Representative Study Examining the Relationships Between Sociodemographic Factors, Cannabis Use Characteristics and Sources of Cannabis.

Objective: Characterization of population subgroups based on where they acquire cannabis is unexplored. We examine relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, cannabis use modality, risky cannabis use, and source of cannabis.

Method: Analyzing a representative sample (unweighted = 8,089) of U.

Assessing the diagnostic utility of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test - Revised (CUDIT-R) among veterans with medical and non-medical cannabis use.

Background: Few studies examine the utility of the Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test - Revised (CUDIT-R) in relation to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, (DSM-5) criteria for cannabis use disorder (CUD). This study assesses the performance of the CUDIT-R among a sample of Veterans with and without medical cannabis use.

Methods: We approached and consented primary care patients presenting to one of three Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers.

Driving under the influence of cannabis, alcohol, and illicit drugs among adults in the United States from 2016 to 2020.

Objective: Driving under the influence (DUI) of substances increases motor vehicle crash risk. Understanding current national trends of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUIA), cannabis (DUIC), and drugs other than cannabis (DUID) can inform public health efforts. Herein, we provide updated trends among United States (US) adults regarding DUIA, DUIC, DUID, and DUI of any substance.

Patterns in Nonopioid Pain Medication Prescribing After the Release of the 2016 Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain.

Importance: In 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released the evidence-based Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain. How the release of this guideline coincided with changes in nonopioid pain medication prescribing rates remains unknown.

Objective: To evaluate changes in nonopioid pain medication prescribing after the 2016 CDC guideline release and to assess the heterogeneity in these changes as a function of patient demographic and clinical characteristics.

Within- and between-person associations with drug use disorder among adolescents and emerging adults presenting to an urban emergency department.

Background: The distinction between within- and between-person associations with drug use disorder (DUD) has implications for intervention targets and content. We used longitudinal data from youth entering an urban emergency department (ED) to identify factors related to changes in DUD diagnosis, with particular emphasis on alcohol use.

Methods: Research staff recruited youth age 14-24 (n = 599) reporting any past six-month drug use from a Level-1 ED; participants were assessed at baseline and four biannual follow-ups.