Associations of Mild Behavioral Impairment Domains with Brain Volumes: Cross-sectional Analysis of Atherosclerosis Risk in Community (ARIC) Study.

Background: Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) has been associated with global brain atrophy, but the regional neural correlates of MBI symptoms are less clear, particularly among community-dwelling older individuals without dementia.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the associations of MBI domains with gray matter (GM) volumes in a large population-based sample of older adults without dementia.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 1445 community-dwelling older adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who underwent detailed neurocognitive assessment and brain magnetic resonance imaging in 2011-2013.

A Systematic Review of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Background: There is limited characterization of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Along with commonly presenting symptoms of IIH, including headache and papilledema, NPS may have a significant impact on IIH outcomes.

Objective: We completed a systematic review of the literature to characterize the most common non-cognitive NPS in IIH patients and examine associations between non-cognitive NPS and IIH outcomes.

A Systematic Review of Sleep Disturbance in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Purpose Of Review: Sleep disturbances, particularly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), may have a significant impact on the outcomes of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We conducted a PRISMA-compliant systematic literature review to study sleep disturbance in adult patients with IIH.

Recent Findings: The current literature on the relationship between IIH and sleep is quite limited.

Sleepiness in retired male boxers: daytime sleepiness and its relationship with impulsiveness and depression symptomatology in retired professional male boxers.

Background: Boxing exposes fighters to head impacts and potential traumatic brain injury (TBI). Though research has explored the neuropsychiatric consequences of contact sports, there is limited research into Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) and its relationship to other outcomes, such as impulsiveness and depression. Therefore, this study aimed to describe EDS in retired boxers using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and to examine how boxing and sleepiness relate to impulsiveness and depression symptomatology.

Impact of motor dysfunction on neuropsychiatric symptom profile in patients with autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer's disease.

Motor dysfunction, which includes changes in gait, balance, and/or functional mobility, is a lesser-known feature of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), especially as it relates to the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). This study (1) compared rates of NPS between autopsy-confirmed AD patients with and without early-onset motor dysfunction and (2) compared rates of non-AD dementia autopsy pathology (Lewy Body disease, Frontotemporal Lobar degeneration) between these groups. This retrospective longitudinal cohort study utilized National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) data.

Relationship Between Posttraumatic Headache and Depression After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objectives: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can lead to psychiatric and somatic symptoms for some patients, including posttraumatic headache (PTH) and depression. This study attempted to further establish the relationship between PTH and depression following mTBI and investigate whether the presence of PTH immediately following injury can identify patients at risk for developing depressive symptoms up to 6 months later.

Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of data from Head Injury Serum Markers for Assessing Response to Trauma (HeadSMART), a prospective study of adult patients in the emergency department with head injury.

A population health approach to workplace mental health: rationale, implementation and engagement.

Objectives: To describe a population health-based program to support employee and dependent mental health and learn from engagement trends.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a program utilizing an assessment of mental health risk. For scoring "at risk," a Care Concierge is offered to connect users with resources.

Traumatic Brain Injury Characteristics Are Not Related to Neurocognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Nationwide Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Objective: Evaluate whether traumatic brain injury (TBI) characteristics, age of injury, or recency of injury predicts the course of neurocognitive decline and/or increases conversion rates to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.

Methods: Data were obtained from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center for participants 50-85 years old with 3-5 visits from 2015 to 2022, with or without TBI history (TBI+ = 508; TBI- = 2,382). Groups were stratified by self-reported TBI history (i.

Association of Win-Loss Record With Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Brain Health Among Professional Fighters.

Objective: Repetitive head impacts in professional fighting commonly lead to head injuries. Increased exposure to repetitive head trauma, measured by the number of professional fights and years of fighting, has been associated with slower processing speed and smaller brain volumes. The impact of win-loss outcomes has been investigated in other sports, with several studies suggesting that individuals on losing teams experience more head injuries.

A systematic review of cognition in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Cognitive disturbance is not pathognomonic of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), and therefore is not routinely assessed unless it presents as a major complaint. Consequently, cognition has been slow to gain substantial traction in IIH-related research, despite its notable impact on a subset of patients. We completed a systematic review of the literature examining the neurocognitive profile of patients with IIH.

Prognostic Value of Frailty for Outcome Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Frailty is a known predictor of negative health outcomes. The role of frailty in predicting outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI), however, is unclear. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between frailty and adverse outcomes in patients with TBI.

The association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cognitive impairment: A systematic review of neuroimaging findings.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may increase the risk of various types of dementia. Despite the large number of studies linking these critical conditions, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The past decade has witnessed an exponential increase in interest on brain imaging research to assess the neuroanatomical underpinnings of PTSD.

Associations of Prior Head Injury With Mild Behavioral Impairment Domains.

Objective: This study investigated associations of prior head injury and number of prior head injuries with mild behavioral impairment (MBI) domains.

Setting: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.

Participants: A total of 2534 community-dwelling older adults who took part in the ARIC Neurocognitive Study stage 2 examination were included.

The glymphatic system's role in traumatic brain injury-related neurodegeneration.

In at least some individuals who suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI), there exists a risk of future neurodegenerative illness. This review focuses on the association between the brain-based paravascular drainage pathway known as the "glymphatic system" and TBI-related neurodegeneration. The glymphatic system is composed of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flowing into the brain parenchyma along paravascular spaces surrounding penetrating arterioles where it mixes with interstitial fluid (ISF) before being cleared along paravenous drainage pathways.

Sparring and the Brain: The Associations between Sparring and Regional Brain Volumes in Professional Mixed Martial Arts Fighters.

Background: Mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters, due to exposure to repetitive head impacts, are at risk for brain atrophy and neurodegenerative sequelae. Simultaneously, motor skills training and cognition-rich activities have been linked with larger regional brain volumes. The majority of an MMA fighter's sporting activity occurs during practice (e.

Longitudinal Trajectories of Post-Concussive Symptoms Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Individuals recovering from mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) represent a heterogenous population that requires distinct treatment approaches. Identification of recovery trajectories improves our ability to understand the natural history of mild TBI recovery and develop targeted interventions.

Objective: To utilize group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) to identify distinct patterns of symptom recovery following mild TBI in the first 6 months after mild TBI.

Effect of traumatic brain injury on mild behavioral impairment domains prior to all-cause dementia diagnosis and throughout disease progression.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may alter dementia progression, although co-occurring neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) have received less attention. Originally designed to evaluate behavioral disruption prior to dementia diagnosis, the mild behavioral impairment (MBI) construct relates NPS to underlying neural circuit disruptions, with probable relevance across the progression of neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, the MBI construct may represent a valuable tool to identify and evaluate related NPS both preceding diagnosis of all-cause dementia throughout the progression of disease, representing an important area of inquiry regarding TBI and dementia.

Neuroimaging Correlates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Neuroimaging is widely utilized in studying traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The risk for PTSD is greater after TBI than after non-TBI trauma, and PTSD is associated with worse outcomes after TBI. Studying the neuroimaging correlates of TBI-related PTSD may provide insights into the etiology of both conditions and help identify those TBI patients most at risk of developing persistent symptoms.

Facilitating Mental Health Treatment Through Proactive Screening and Concierge Services in the Workplace.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine if a proactive employer-sponsored mental health program closed gaps in detection and treatment of mental health conditions.

Methods: Of n = 56,442 eligible, n = 8170 (14.5%) participated in the optional screening.

Behavioral and Emotional Dyscontrol Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging and Electrophysiological Correlates.

Background: Behavioral and emotional dyscontrol commonly occur following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Neuroimaging and electrophysiological correlates of dyscontrol have not been systematically summarized in the literature to date.

Objective: To complete a systematic review of the literature examining neuroimaging and electrophysiological findings related to behavioral and emotional dyscontrol due to TBI.