The number needed to teach: A framework for health professions education.

What Is The Educational Challenge?: Health professions education is continually limited by financial resources with increasing demands for accountability. Judicious resource allocation across competing demands rests on frameworks for analyzing and comparing costs and outcomes.

What Are The Proposed Solutions?: We suggest health professions educators use the number needed to teach (NNTe) for reporting and communicating such analyses for teaching and learning.

Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Xylazine.

Xylazine (also known as "tranq") is a potent nonopioid veterinary sedative that has recently experienced a surge in use as a drug adulterant, most often combined with illicitly manufactured fentanyl. This combination may heighten the risk of fatal overdose. Xylazine has no known antidote approved for use in humans, and age-adjusted overdose deaths involving xylazine were 35 times higher in 2021 than 2018.

Digital MD: A Novel Undergraduate Medical School Elective for Social Media and Digital Scholarship.

An outcomes-based novel curriculum integrating digital literacy, social media, and digital scholarship was implemented into an undergraduate medical education elective for first- and second-year medical students. Learners engaged in asynchronous discussion boards, live didactics and seminars, and a capstone project with peer feedback throughout the 7-week course.

Narrative Review of Clinical Productivity and Teaching in Emergency Medicine.

Emergency medicine educators are subject to external pressures to increase clinical productivity while maintaining quality teaching. Strategies to mitigate this perceived conflict include alterations in staffing and incentive compensation with educational value units. There is a paucity of information describing the effect of clinical demands on teaching metrics in emergency medicine.

HIV and club drugs in emerging adulthood.

Purpose Of Review: To evaluate the incidence of club drug use in pediatric patients, especially those aged 13-25, and how it relates to the spread of HIV.

Recent Findings: Transmission of HIV among younger patients has become largely associated with risky sexual behaviors, as the rate of transmission from vertical infection and intravenous drug use has decreased. Use of club drugs in emerging adult populations contributes to the HIV epidemic through a combination of decreased inhibitions as well as physiological effects that increase high-risk sexual practices.

First-Onset Seizure After Use of an Energy Drink [corrected].

The health consequences of energy drink use in adolescents are unknown. We discuss an adverse event in an adolescent who presented to the emergency department with his first-ever seizure after consumption of 5-Hour Energy. We review the typical presentation of caffeine toxicity, as well as the importance of screening for energy drink use in adolescents with appropriate clinical findings.

The association between flavor labeling and flavor recall ability in children.

This study sought to determine if the ability to label a flavor is associated with an improved ability to recall having tasted the flavor in preschool-aged children. A total of 120 3- to 6-year-old English-speaking children tasted and labeled 20 different flavors, blinded to color. Children's labels for the flavors were scored for consistency and accuracy.