Exhaled end-tidal carbon dioxide as a predictor of lactate and pediatric sepsis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between exhaled end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO) and serum lactate via nasal capnography and to assess the ability of ETCO to predict disease severity in children with suspected sepsis in a pediatric emergency department.

Methods: This prospective study included patients (≥ 30 days to ≤21 years of age) who presented with suspected sepsis to a tertiary pediatric emergency department. Pearson correlation coefficient was generated to measure the linear relationship between ETCO and lactate.

Spontaneous brain arteriovenous malformation rupture with atrioventricular block in a pediatric patient.

This case reports 9 year-old-female with atrioventricular block and seizure. Careful evaluation, including electrocardiogram (ECG) and computerized tomography (CT) revealed a high-grade atrioventricular block and spontaneous brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) rupture. The patient had complete resolution of her bradycardia and AV block following atropine.

Is lactic acidosis predictive of outcomes in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis?

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the significance and prevalence of lactic acidosis in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) presenting to the emergency department.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of children (age ≤ 21 years) presenting to a tertiary care emergency department in DKA from December 1, 2015 to December 1, 2018. Patients needed to have DKA requiring admission to the pediatric intensive care unit and have had a lactate level collected while in the emergency department to be included.

Presenting Signs and Symptoms of Pericardial Effusions in the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to describe the frequency of the most common presenting signs and symptoms of pericardial effusions, particularly with relation to the size of the effusion. The secondary objective was to review the final etiology of the pericardial effusion in those patients who had presented to a tertiary care pediatric emergency department.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients younger than 17 years who presented and were evaluated at the pediatric emergency department and subsequently diagnosed with a pericardial effusion during a period of 10 years.

An Unlikely Cause of a Blunt Pancreatic Injury.

We report the case of a 17-year-old male football player with blunt abdominal trauma. Careful evaluation, including computed tomography and laboratory, revealed a pancreatic body laceration. Pancreatic injuries are relatively uncommon and associated with significant morbidity and mortality and require early diagnosis for optimal management and outcome.

Physician Confidence in Dental Trauma Treatment and the Introduction of a Dental Trauma Decision-Making Pathway for the Pediatric Emergency Department.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) survey and report the awareness and confidence of pediatric emergency medicine physicians in the management of dental trauma and (2) determine the prevalence of dental trauma decision-making pathway utilization in the pediatric emergency department.

Methods: A survey was distributed through e-mail to the pediatric emergency medicine discussion list via Brown University LISTSERV. The survey study included 10 questions and was multiple-choice.

The disulfide isomerase ERp57 mediates platelet aggregation, hemostasis, and thrombosis.

A close homologue to protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) called ERp57 forms disulfide bonds in glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and is expressed on the platelet surface. We generated 2 rabbit Abs to ERp57. One Ab strongly inhibited ERp57 in a functional assay and strongly inhibited platelet aggregation.