Revealing the Pressure-Induced Phase Transformation of Xenotime TbPO via Photoluminescence Spectroscopy.

The pressure-induced phase transformations of certain rare earth (RE) orthophosphates have attracted broad interest from geoscience to structural ceramics. Studying these transformations has required Raman spectroscopy or synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), each of which suffers from poor signal or limited accessibility, respectively. This study exploits the photoluminescence (PL) of Tb ions and the unique sensitivity of PL to the local bonding environment to interrogate the symmetry-reducing xenotime-monazite phase transformation of TbPO.

Developing Prioritization Criteria to Identify Target Drugs for CalRx, the California Generic Drugs Initiative.

Objectives: This study aimed to establish criteria to identify priority drugs for CalRx, a California-sponsored initiative to support the manufacture and distribution of affordable generic drugs.

Methods: A web-based ranking exercise was implemented with key stakeholders in August 2020, using pricing, spending, and public health criteria identified through a review of academic literature and public health agency reports. A total of 39 of 40 invited stakeholders in 4 different categories-patient advocates, healthcare providers, health insurers, and health policy and economic experts-participated in this study (98% response rate).

See the wind: Wind scale estimation with optical flow and VisualWind dataset.

Wind sensing by learning from video clips could empower cameras to sense the wind scale and significantly improve the spatiotemporal resolution of existing professional weather records that are often at the city scale. Humans can interpret the wind scale from the motion of surrounding environment objects, especially the moving dynamics of trees in the wind. The goal of this paper is to train cameras to sense the wind by capturing such motion information using optical flow and machine learning models.

Mortality Rates Among U.S. Women of Reproductive Age, 1999-2019.

Introduction: High and increasing levels of pregnancy-related mortality and morbidity in the U.S. indicate that the underlying health status of reproductive-aged women may be far from optimal, yet few studies have examined mortality trends and disparities exclusively among this population.

Ferromagnetism and Spin-Polarized Luminescence in Lead-Free CsEuCl Perovskite Nanocrystals and Thin Films.

The emergence of next-generation spintronic and spin-photonic technologies will be aided by the development of materials showing strongly coupled magnetic, electronic, and optical properties. Through a combination of magneto-photoluminescence and magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopies we demonstrate strong magneto-optical responses from CsEuCl perovskite nanocrystals and thin films in the near-UV/visible region, stemming from the transitions centered at the B-site Eu cations. We show that this material undergoes a ferromagnetic phase transition at ∼3 K in both the nanocrystal and thin-film samples, resulting in complete spin alignment and indicating intrinsic ferromagnetism.

Disparities In County COVID-19 Vaccination Rates Linked To Disadvantage And Hesitancy.

We analyzed trends in adult COVID-19 vaccine coverage over time based on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and social vulnerability. We found that each of these variables carries an independent association with disparities across counties in COVID-19 vaccine coverage. Counties that score high on both hesitancy and vulnerability are especially likely to have lower COVID-19 vaccination rates compared with the rest of the country.

Lots of movement, little progress: a review of reptile home range literature.

Reptiles are the most species-rich terrestrial vertebrate group with a broad diversity of life history traits. Biotelemetry is an essential methodology for studying reptiles as it compensates for several limitations when studying their natural history. We evaluated trends in terrestrial reptile spatial ecology studies focusing upon quantifying home ranges for the past twenty years.

Reporting of Infectious Diseases in the United States During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

Reporting of infectious diseases other than COVID-19 has been greatly decreased throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. We find this decrease varies by routes of transmission, reporting state, and COVID-19 incidence at the time of reporting. These results underscore the need for continual investment in routine surveillance efforts despite pandemic conditions.

Laser-Driven Growth of Semiconductor Nanowires from Colloidal Nanocrystals.

Semiconductor nanowire production through vapor- and solution-based processes has propelled nanowire systems toward a wide range of technological applications. Although vapor-based nanowire syntheses enable precise control over nanowire composition and phase, they typically employ batch processes with specialized pressure management systems, limiting throughput. Solution-based nanowire growth processes have improved scalability but can require even more extensive pressure and temperature management systems.

Association between exenatide use and incidence of Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Recent developments suggest that insulin-sensitizing agents used to treat type II diabetes (T2DM) may also prove useful in reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study is o analyze the association between exenatide use among Medicare beneficiaries with T2DM and the incidence of AD.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis on claims data from a 20% random sample of Medicare beneficiaries with T2DM from 2007 to 2013 (n = 342,608).

Change in Reported Adherence to Nonpharmaceutical Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic, April-November 2020.

This study uses national survey data to describe overall and regional trends in adherence to protective behaviors (mask wearing, physical distancing, staying at home, others) among US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic from April to November 2020.

Coherent Spin Precession and Lifetime-Limited Spin Dephasing in CsPbBr Perovskite Nanocrystals.

Carrier spins in semiconductor nanocrystals are promising candidates for quantum information processing. Using a combination of time-resolved Faraday rotation and photoluminescence spectroscopies, we demonstrate optical spin polarization and coherent spin precession in colloidal CsPbBr nanocrystals that persists up to room temperature. By suppressing the influence of inhomogeneous hyperfine fields with a small applied magnetic field, we demonstrate inhomogeneous hole transverse spin-dephasing times () that approach the nanocrystal photoluminescence lifetime, such that nearly all emitted photons derive from coherent hole spins.

A physicochemical perspective of aging from single-cell analysis of pH, macromolecular and organellar crowding in yeast.

Cellular aging is a multifactorial process that is characterized by a decline in homeostatic capacity, best described at the molecular level. Physicochemical properties such as pH and macromolecular crowding are essential to all molecular processes in cells and require maintenance. Whether a drift in physicochemical properties contributes to the overall decline of homeostasis in aging is not known.