Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of (Gaertn.) Roxb. and Retz. Fruit Extracts Against Gastrointestinal Pathogens: Enhancing Antibiotic Efficacy.

(Gaertn) Roxb. and Retz. are significant botanicals in ancient Ayurvedic medicine.

Combinations of (Gaertn.) Roxb. and Retz. Extracts with Selected Antibiotics Against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: Bioactivity and Phytochemistry.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has arisen due to antibiotic overuse and misuse. Antibiotic resistance renders standard treatments less effective, making it difficult to control some infections, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. Medicinal plants are attracting increased interest as antibiotics lose efficacy.

Linn.: Antibacterial Activity, Phytochemistry, and Enhanced Antibiotic Combinatorial Strategies.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat caused by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics. It leads to infections becoming difficult to treat, causing serious illness, disability, and death. Current antibiotic development is slow, with only 25% of current antibiotics exhibiting novel mechanisms against critical pathogens.

Selected Australian Species Extracts Inhibit β-Lactam Drug-Resistant Bacteria Growth and Potentiate the Activity of Conventional Antibiotics: Bioactivities and Phytochemistry.

Exell, Benth., Decne., and Benth.

Phytochemical Evaluation of DC. Radlk. Extracts with Antibacterial and Antibiotic Potentiation Activities against Selected β-Lactam Drug-Resistant Bacteria.

DC. Radlk. (family: Combretaceae) is native to northern Australia.

A.Cunn ex Benth. Extracts Have Antibacterial Activity and Potentiate Conventional Antibiotics against β-Lactam-Drug-Resistant Bacteria.

A. Cunn. Ex Benth.

A Review of the Antimicrobial Properties of Cyanobacterial Natural Products.

The development of multiple-drug-resistant pathogens has prompted medical research toward the development of new and effective antimicrobial therapies. Much research into novel antibiotics has focused on bacterial and fungal compounds, and on chemical modification of existing compounds to increase their efficacy or reactivate their antimicrobial properties. In contrast, cyanobacteria have been relatively overlooked for antibiotic discovery, and much more work is required.

The Art of War with : Targeting Mex Efflux Pumps Directly to Strategically Enhance Antipseudomonal Drug Efficacy.

() poses a grave clinical challenge due to its multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, leading to severe and life-threatening infections. This bacterium exhibits both intrinsic resistance to various antipseudomonal agents and acquired resistance against nearly all available antibiotics, contributing to its MDR phenotype. Multiple mechanisms, including enzyme production, loss of outer membrane proteins, target mutations, and multidrug efflux systems, contribute to its antimicrobial resistance.

L. Leaf Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Antibiotic-Resistant Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Virginian witch hazel (WH; L.; family: Hamamelidaceae) is a North American plant that is used traditionally to treat a variety of ailments, including bacterial infections. Solvents of varying polarity (water, methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform) were used to prepare extracts from this plant.

Pheochromocytoma associated with a succinate dehydrogenase subunit B mutation: A minireview and a case report.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla or extra-adrenal tissues. These tumors are characterized by an excessive secretion of catecholamines, which are responsible for the clinical manifestation of the disease. Although most of these tumors are sporadic, underlying genetic abnormalities may be present in up to 24% of the cases.

Bacterial Foodborne Illness in Malaysia: spp. as a Potential Resource for Treating Infections and Countering Antibiotic Resistance.

Acute diarrhoea is becoming a major public health problem in Malaysia, with more than 13.5 million cases reported annually. Foodborne bacterial pathogens are a predominant cause of diarrhoea, with infections causing prolonged illness durations and higher patient mortality rates, placing a tremendous burden on the Malaysian economy.

Technology-assisted viva voce exams: A novel approach aimed at addressing student anxiety and assessor burden in oral assessment.

Background And Purpose: Viva voce (VIVA) exams are resource intensive, can be prone to inter-rater reliability issues, and induce anxiety in many students. Costs, reliability, validity, and student welfare have been targeted for VIVA re-design. The objective of this study is to design and assess if a less labour-intensive approach to VIVA exams is acceptable to students, reducing student anxiety, whilst maintaining authenticity of the assessment.

An assessment of the growth inhibition profiles of L. extracts against and spp.

Staphylococcal and streptococcal species trigger a wide variety of infections involving epithelial tissues. Virginian witch hazel (WH; L.; family: Hamamelidaceae) is a plant that has been used traditionally by Native Americans to treat a variety of skin conditions.

The fate of patients with large abdominal aortic aneurysms referred for consideration for elective repair.

Background: The premise of the Vascular Services Quality Improvement Programme (VSQIP) in management of patients with asymptomatic large abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is reducing mortality from ruptured AAA in a sustainable way without introducing excessive procedure related mortality. Inevitably a proportion of patients are deemed unfit for elective repair. The aim of this study was to report outcomes of patients who were referred with large asymptomatic AAAs including those turned down for elective repair and identify independent risk factors for being turned down for elective open or endovascular repair of AAA.

Use of specific combinations of the triphala plant component extracts to potentiate the inhibition of gastrointestinal bacterial growth.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Triphala is used in Ayurveda to treat a wide variety of diseases, including numerous bacterial infections. Interestingly, the plant components of triphala (Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula and Emblica officinalis) are also good inhibitors of bacterial growth when used individually, yet plant preparations are generally used in combination in traditional medicine. Surprisingly, no previous studies have addressed the reason why the combination is preferred over the individual components to treat bacterial infections.

Is gender still a risk factor for mortality in patients who undergo elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms? Experience of a single center.

Background: Vascular Services Quality Improvement Program (VSQIP) was introduced to reduce mortality from elective repair of AAA in the UK. This study examines the differences in perioperative mortality and postoperative survival between men and women following elective repair of AAAs in the 10 years after implementation of the (VSQIP).

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent elective repair of AAA between 1 January 2008 and 31 March 2018 were included.

Anaerobic threshold as an independent predictor of mid-term survival following elective endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the value preoperative AT as predictor of postoperative survival in patients who underwent elective EVAR for repair of asymptomatic AAA.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent elective EVAR between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed.

Terminalia ferdinandiana Fruit and Leaf Extracts Inhibit Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Growth.

The development of multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria has vastly depleted our repertoire of effective antibiotic chemotherapies. The development of multi--lactam-resistant strains are particularly concerning due to our previous reliance on this class of antibiotics because of their initial efficacy and broad-spectrum activity. With increases in extended-spectrum -lactam-resistance and an expanded resistance to other classes of antibiotics, there is an urgent need for the development of effective new antibiotic therapies.

Developing New Antimicrobial Therapies: Are Synergistic Combinations of Plant Extracts/Compounds with Conventional Antibiotics the Solution?

The discovery of penicillin nearly 90 years ago revolutionized the treatment of bacterial disease. Since that time, numerous other antibiotics have been discovered from bacteria and fungi, or developed by chemical synthesis and have become effective chemotherapeutic options. However, the misuse of antibiotics has lessened the efficacy of many commonly used antibiotics.

Soluble and membrane-bound Drosophila melanogaster CYP6G1 expressed in Escherichia coli: purification, activity, and binding properties toward multiple pesticides.

Cytochrome P450 CYP6G1 has been implicated in the resistance of Drosophila melanogaster to numerous pesticides. While in vivo and in vitro studies have provided insight to the diverse functions of this enzyme, direct studies on the isolated CYP6G1 enzyme have not been possible due to the need for a source of recombinant enzyme. In the current study, the Cyp6g1 gene was isolated from D.

Intramolecular heme ligation of the cytochrome P450 2C9 R108H mutant demonstrates pronounced conformational flexibility of the B-C loop region: implications for substrate binding.

A previous study [Dickmann, L., et al. (2004) Mol.

Cerivastatin in vitro metabolism by CYP2C8 variants found in patients experiencing rhabdomyolysis.

Objectives: Cerivastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor withdrawn from the market because of serious adverse effects, is metabolized primarily by CYP2C8. The occurrence of associated myotoxicity and rhabdomyolysis were attributed to altered cerivastatin pharmacokinetics on account of gemfibrozil-inhibition or genetic variations in CYP2C8 and drug transporters involved in cerivastatin clearance. However, the effect of CYP2C8 genetic variation on cerivastatin metabolism has not been fully elucidated.

Heterologous expression of the methyl carbamate-degrading hydrolase MCD.

The methyl carbamate-degrading hydrolase (MCD) of Achromobacter WM111 has considerable potential as a pesticide bioremediation agent. However this potential has been unrealisable until now because of an inability to express MCD in heterologous hosts such as Escherichia coli. Herein, we describe the first successful attempt to express appreciable quantities of MCD in active form in E.