Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation for Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Adenomas-Mayo Clinic Experience.

Background: Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTNs) constitute 5% to 7% of thyroid nodules and represent the second most common cause of hyperthyroidism following Graves' disease. Currently, radioactive iodine (RAI) and surgery are the standard treatment options, and both incur a risk of postprocedural hypothyroidism and other surgery and radiation-related complications.

Methods: This work aimed at assessing the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) as an alternative treatment option for resolving hyperthyroidism and the nodule volume rate reduction (VRR) and its associated adverse events.

Novel Quantitative Liver Steatosis Assessment Method With Ultrasound Harmonic Imaging.

Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent liver disorder in Western countries, with approximately 20%-30% of the MASLD patients progressing to severe stages. There is an urgent need for noninvasive, cost-effective, widely accessible, and precise biomarkers to evaluate liver steatosis. This study aims to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of a novel reference frequency method-based ultrasound attenuation coefficient estimation (ACE) in both fundamental (RFM-ACE-FI) and harmonic (RFM-ACE-HI) imaging for detecting and grading liver steatosis.

A Classification-Based Adaptive Segmentation Pipeline: Feasibility Study Using Polycystic Liver Disease and Metastases from Colorectal Cancer CT Images.

Automated segmentation tools often encounter accuracy and adaptability issues when applied to images of different pathology. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of building a workflow to efficiently route images to specifically trained segmentation models. By implementing a deep learning classifier to automatically classify the images and route them to appropriate segmentation models, we hope that our workflow can segment the images with different pathology accurately.

Deep convolutional-neural-network-based metal artifact reduction for CT-guided interventional oncology procedures (MARIO).

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is routinely used to guide cryoablation procedures. Notably, CT-guidance provides 3D localization of cryoprobes and can be used to delineate frozen tissue during ablation. However, metal-induced artifacts from ablation probes can make accurate probe placement challenging and degrade the ice ball conspicuity, which in combination could lead to undertreatment of potentially curable lesions.

Sublobar Resection, Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy, and Percutaneous Ablation Provide Comparable Outcomes for Lung Metastasis-Directed Therapy.

Background: Prolonged survival of patients with metastatic disease has furthered interest in metastasis-directed therapy (MDT).

Research Question: There is a paucity of data comparing lung MDT modalities. Do outcomes among sublobar resection (SLR), stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), and percutaneous ablation (PA) for lung metastases vary in terms of local control and survival?

Study Design And Methods: Medical records of patients undergoing lung MDT at a single cancer center between January 2015 and December 2020 were reviewed.

Musculoskeletal Interventional Oncology: A Contemporary Review.

Musculoskeletal interventional oncology is an emerging field that addresses the limitations of conventional therapies for bone and soft-tissue tumors. The field's growth has been driven by evolving treatment paradigms, expanding society guidelines, mounting supportive literature, technologic advances, and cross-specialty collaboration with medical, surgical, and radiation oncology. Safe, effective, and durable pain palliation, local control, and stabilization of musculoskeletal tumors are increasingly achieved through an expanding array of contemporary minimally invasive percutaneous image-guided treatments, including ablation, osteoplasty, vertebral augmentation (with or without mechanical reinforcement via implants), osseous consolidation via percutaneous screw fixation (with or without osteoplasty), tumor embolization, and neurolysis.

Percutaneous Cryoablation of Plasmacytomas: Oncologic Effectiveness and Adverse Events.

Purpose: To evaluate the oncologic outcomes and adverse events associated with cryoablation of plasmacytomas.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of an institutional percutaneous ablation database showed that 43 patients underwent 46 percutaneous cryoablation procedures for treatment of 44 plasmacytomas between May 2004 and March 2021. The treatment of 25 (25 of 44, 56.

Clinical Implementation of an Artificial Intelligence Algorithm for Magnetic Resonance-Derived Measurement of Total Kidney Volume.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of an internally developed and previously validated artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for magnetic resonance (MR)-derived total kidney volume (TKV) in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) when implemented in clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: The study included adult patients with ADPKD seen by a nephrologist at our institution between November 2019 and January 2021 and undergoing an MR imaging examination as part of standard clinical care. Thirty-three nephrologists ordered MR imaging, requesting AI-based TKV calculation for 170 cases in these 161 unique patients.

Improved Ultrasound Attenuation Estimation with Non-uniform Structure Detection and Removal.

Accurate detection of liver steatosis is important for liver disease management. Ultrasound attenuation coefficient estimation (ACE) has great potential in quantifying liver fat content. The ACE methods commonly assume uniform tissue characteristics.

A prospective trial of CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for lung tumors.

Background: Percutaneous ablation is an alternative treatment for lung cancer in non-operable patients. This is a prospective clinical trial for percutaneous microwave ablation (pMWA) of biopsy-proven lung cancer to demonstrate safety and efficacy.

Methods: A prospective trial from 6-1-2016 to 1-1-2019 enrolled patients with biopsy-proven primary or metastatic lung cancer <3 cm in size and 1 cm away from the pleura for pMWA with the Emprint Ablation System with Thermosphere Technology for Phase I analysis, (Clinicaltrials.

Reverberation clutter signal suppression in ultrasound attenuation estimation using wavelet-based robust principal component analysis.

. Ultrasound attenuation coefficient estimation (ACE) has diagnostic potential for clinical applications such as quantifying fat content in the liver. Previously, we have proposed a system-independent ACE technique based on spectral normalization of different frequencies, called the reference frequency method (RFM).

Bone ablations in peripheral skeleton: Rationale, techniques and evidence.

This article aims to disclose a consensus on the rationale, approaches, and the outcomes of bone ablations in the peripheral skeleton. Despite less numerous prospective studies about peripheral metastasis, interventional radiology has a role in this setting. Scrupulous attention for selection criteria, ablation technique, procedural steps, and clinical and imaging follow-up are required to provide optimal multidisciplinary care for oncologic patients.

Technical and safety performance of CT-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for lung tumors: an ablate and resect study.

Background: Percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation has an increasing role in the treatment of primary and metastatic lung tumors. Achieving acceptable clinical outcomes requires better tools for pre-procedure prediction of ablation zone size and shape.

Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, single-arm, multicenter study conducted by Medtronic (ClinicalTrials.

Consensus Guidelines for the Definition of Time-to-Event End Points in Image-guided Tumor Ablation: Results of the SIO and DATECAN Initiative.

There is currently no consensus regarding preferred clinical outcome measures following image-guided tumor ablation or clear definitions of oncologic end points. This consensus document proposes standardized definitions for a broad range of oncologic outcome measures with recommendations on how to uniformly document, analyze, and report outcomes. The initiative was coordinated by the Society of Interventional Oncology in collaboration with the Definition for the Assessment of Time-to-Event End Points in Cancer Trials, or DATECAN, group.

The ECLIPSE Study: Efficacy of Cryoablation on Metastatic Lung Tumors With a 5-Year Follow-Up.

Introduction: The ECLIPSE study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of cryoablation (CA) for local tumor control in patients with pulmonary metastatic disease in 5 years of follow-up.

Methods: ECLIPSE was a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study that included patients treated with CA if they had one to five metastatic lung tumors, each with a diameter of less than or equal to 3.5 cm.

Combined Effects of Masking and Distance on Aerosol Exposure Potential.

Objective: To quantify the efficacy of masking and "social distancing" on the transmission of airborne particles from a phantom aerosol source (simulating an infected individual) to a nearby target (simulating a healthy bystander) in a well-controlled setting.

Methods: An aerosol was created using monodisperse polystyrene latex beads in place of infectious respiratory secretions. Detection was by aerodynamic particle spectrometry.

Musculoskeletal Oncologic Interventions: Proceedings from the Society of Interventional Radiology and Society of Interventional Oncology Research Consensus Panel.

Musculoskeletal interventions are increasingly used with palliative and curative intent in the multidisciplinary treatment of oncology patients with bone and soft-tissue tumors. There is an unmet need for high-quality evidence to guide broader application and adoption of minimally invasive interventional technologies to treat these patients. Therefore, the Society of Interventional Radiology Foundation and the Society of Interventional Oncology collaborated to convene a research consensus panel to prioritize a research agenda addressing the gaps in the current evidence.

Preparing for the next pandemic: It is more than just about numbers.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought enormous hardships to our country and healthcare system. We present our experience navigating through this pandemic with emphasis on reactivating our practice while keeping patients and staff safe. It is hoped that the methods and thought processes provided in this manuscript will help those who are in various stages of managing their practice or provide lessons learned as our country eventually moves beyond this pandemic.

Noise Suppression for Ultrasound Attenuation Coefficient Estimation Based on Spectrum Normalization.

Ultrasound attenuation coefficient estimation (ACE) has great diagnostic potential for fatty liver detection and assessment. In a previous study, we proposed a reference phantom-free ACE method, called reference frequency method (RFM), which does not require a calibrated phantom for normalization. The power of each frequency component can be normalized by the power of an adjacent frequency component in the spectrum to cancel system-dependent effects such as focusing and time gain compensation (TGC).