Evaluation of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses relating to postoperative nausea and vomiting.

Introduction: Spin - the beautification of study results to emphasise benefits or minimise harms - is a deceptive reporting strategy with the potential to affect clinical decision-making adversely. Few studies have investigated the extent of spin in systematic reviews. Here, we sought to address this gap by evaluating the presence of the nine most severe forms of spin in the abstracts of systematic reviews on treatments for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is transferred by exosomes and contributes to the regulation of hypoxia and estrogen signaling in breast cancer cells.

Background: Exosomes are small membrane-bound vesicles that contribute to tumor progression and metastasis by mediating cell-to-cell communication and modifying the tumor microenvironment at both local and distant sites. However, little is known about the predominant factors in exosomes that contribute to breast cancer (BC) progression. MTA1 is a transcriptional co-regulator that can act as both a co-activator and co-repressor to regulate pathways that contribute to cancer development.

Feasibility of diffusion-NMR surface-to-volume measurements tested by calculations and computer simulations.

It has been demonstrated previously that the surface-to-volume ratio S/V can be determined from the derivative of the time-dependent diffusion coefficient D(t), in the limit t --> 0. Several questions arise concerning the practicality of determining S/V by NMR. In particular, how large are the errors generated by (1) working outside the t --> 0 limit and (2) measuring D outside the b --> 0 limit, both for narrow and full-width gradient pulses? Here b is gamma2G2delta2Delta for narrow pulses and gamma2G2t3/12 for broad pulses.