Adult perioperative cardiac arrest: An overview of 684 cases reported to webAIRS.

There were 684 perioperative cardiac arrests reported to webAIRS between September 2009 and March 2022. The majority involved patients older than 60 years, classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status 3 to 5, undergoing an emergency or major procedure. The most common precipitants included airway events, cardiovascular events, massive blood loss.

Continuous chiral distances for two-dimensional lattices.

Chirality was traditionally considered a binary property of periodic lattices and crystals. However, the classes of two-dimensional lattices modulo rigid motion form a continuous space, which was recently parametrized by three geographic-style coordinates. The four non-oblique Bravais classes of two-dimensional lattices form low-dimensional singular subspaces in the full continuous space.

Geographic style maps for two-dimensional lattices.

This paper develops geographic style maps containing two-dimensional lattices in all known periodic crystals parameterized by recent complete invariants. Motivated by rigid crystal structures, lattices are considered up to rigid motion and uniform scaling. The resulting space of two-dimensional lattices is a square with identified edges or a punctured sphere.

High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Apneic Oxygenation in Obese Patients for Elective Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Obese patients desaturate rapidly during the apneic period after induction of anesthesia for elective surgery. Administration of oxygen using high-flow nasal cannulae (HFNCs) may prevent desaturation in nonobese patients compared to facemask (FM) preoxygenation. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness of HFNC to FM preoxygenation techniques in reducing preintubation desaturation in obese patients undergoing elective surgery.

Perioperative corneal abrasions: A report of 42 cases from the webAIRS database.

Corneal abrasions are an uncommon complication of anaesthesia. The aim of this study was to identify potential risk factors, treatment and outcomes associated with corneal abrasions reported to the web-based anaesthesia incident reporting system (webAIRS), a voluntary de-identified anaesthesia incident reporting system in Australia and New Zealand, from 2009 to 2021. There were 43 such cases of corneal abrasions reported to webAIRS over this period.

Anterior suprascapular nerve block versus interscalene brachial plexus block for arthroscopic shoulder surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This systematic review aimed to compare the analgesic effectiveness and complications rates for anterior suprascapular nerve blocks (ASSB) compared to interscalene brachial plexus blocks (ISB) for arthroscopic and outpatient shoulder surgery. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the ASSB versus ISB in the context of arthroscopic shoulder surgery were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcomes included pain scores (Numeric Rating Scale of 0 to 10) up to 24 h postoperatively and analgesic consumption.

Iatrogenic uvular injury related to airway instrumentation: A report of 13 cases from the webAIRS database and a review of uvular necrosis following inadvertent uvular injury.

Published reports of uvular necrosis are uncommon and it is possibly an under-reported complication of oropharyngeal manipulation. Uvular necrosis is thought to develop due to ischaemia secondary to mechanical compression of the uvula from oropharyngeal devices. Patients typically present with symptoms of a sore throat within 48 hours postoperatively.

The role of antibodies in Bacille Calmette Guérin-mediated immune responses and protection against tuberculosis in humans: A systematic review.

Background: The mechanisms underlying Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine's protective effects against tuberculosis (TB) are incompletely understood but are proposed to involve a predominantly cell-mediated process. However, there is increasing evidence for the involvement of antibodies in the control of Mycobacteria tuberculosis and in the immune response to BCG.

Methods: We did a systematic review of studies investigating anti-BCG antibodies in individuals with active or latent TB, and in the response to BCG vaccination.

Combined spinal-epidural versus spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.

Background: Single-shot spinal anaesthesia (SSS) and combined spinal-epidural (CSE) anaesthesia are both commonly used for caesarean section anaesthesia. Spinals offer technical simplicity and rapid onset of nerve blockade which can be associated with hypotension. CSE anaesthesia allows for more gradual onset and also prolongation of the anaesthesia through use of a catheter.

Migraine and tension-type headache treated with stromal vascular fraction: a case series.

Introduction: Chronic migraines and tension-type headaches are debilitating diseases affecting 1.4 to 2.2% of the population with both quality of life and economic implications.

Haplotype structure, LD blocks, and uneven recombination within the LRP5 gene.

Patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in the human genome are beginning to be characterized, with a paucity of haplotype diversity in "LD blocks," interspersed by apparent "hot spots" of recombination. Previously, we cloned and physically characterized the low-density lipoprotein-receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) gene. Here, we have extensively analysed both LRP5 and its flanking three genes, spanning 269 kb, for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and we present a comprehensive SNP map comprising 95 polymorphisms.

Linkage and association mapping of the LRP5 locus on chromosome 11q13 in type 1 diabetes.

Linkage of chromosome 11q13 to type 1 diabetes (T1D) was first reported from genome scans (Davies et al. 1994; Hashimoto et al. 1994) resulting in P <2.