Excisional Haemorrhoidectomy: Where Are We?

Haemorrhoidal disease (HD) is defined as the symptomatic enlargement and/or distal displacement of anal cushions and is one of the most frequent and ancient anorectal conditions. Bleeding, during or after defecation, is the most common symptom. The color of the blood is typically bright red covering the outer surface of the stools.

The prognostic value of KRAS and BRAF in stage I-III colorectal cancer. A systematic review.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The aetiology of CRC is complex and involves interaction on environmental and genetic factors. The two most important pathways are the EGFR (Epidermal Grow Factor Receptor) signaling pathway, with the involvement of KRAS and BRAF, and the DNA mismatch repair (MMR).