Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) biofeedback is often performed with structured education, laboratory-based assessments, and practice sessions. It has been shown to improve psychological and physiological function across populations. However, a means to remotely use and monitor this approach would allow for wider use of this technique.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The increasing use of smartphones, wearables, and connected devices has enabled the increasing application of digital technologies for research. Remote digital study platforms comprise a patient-interfacing digital application that enables multimodal data collection from a mobile app and connected sources. They offer an opportunity to recruit at scale, acquire data longitudinally at a high frequency, and engage study participants at any time of the day in any place.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Optic pathway is considered an ideal model to study the interaction between inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Methods: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were acquired in 92 relapsing remitting (RR) MS at clinical onset.
Objective: To assess whether an individual's degree of psychological resilience can be determined from physiological metrics passively collected from a wearable device.
Materials And Methods: Data were analyzed in this secondary analysis of the Warrior Watch Study dataset, a prospective cohort of healthcare workers enrolled across 7 hospitals in New York City. Subjects wore an Apple Watch for the duration of their participation.
N-of-1 trials are the gold standard study design to evaluate individual treatment effects and derive personalized treatment strategies. Digital tools have the potential to initiate a new era of N-of-1 trials in terms of scale and scope, but fully functional platforms are not yet available. Here, we present the open source StudyU platform, which includes the StudyU Designer and StudyU app.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine whether a machine learning model can detect SARS-CoV-2 infection from physiological metrics collected from wearable devices.
Materials And Methods: Health care workers from 7 hospitals were enrolled and prospectively followed in a multicenter observational study. Subjects downloaded a custom smart phone app and wore Apple Watches for the duration of the study period.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a high degree of psychological distress among health care workers (HCWs). There is a need to characterize which HCWs are at an increased risk of developing psychological effects from the pandemic. Given the differences in the response of individuals to stress, an analysis of both the perceived and physiological consequences of stressors can provide a comprehensive evaluation of its impact.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in increased strain on health care systems and negative psychological effects on health care workers (HCWs). This is anticipated to result in long-term negative mental health effects on the population, with HCWs representing a particularly vulnerable group. The scope of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitates the development of a scalable mental health platform to provide services to large numbers of at-risk or affected individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough widely prevalent, Lyme disease is still under-diagnosed and misunderstood. Here we followed 73 acute Lyme disease patients and uninfected controls over a period of a year. At each visit, RNA-sequencing was applied to profile patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells in addition to extensive clinical phenotyping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Changes in autonomic nervous system function, characterized by heart rate variability (HRV), have been associated with infection and observed prior to its clinical identification.
Objective: We performed an evaluation of HRV collected by a wearable device to identify and predict COVID-19 and its related symptoms.
Methods: Health care workers in the Mount Sinai Health System were prospectively followed in an ongoing observational study using the custom Warrior Watch Study app, which was downloaded to their smartphones.
Background: Differences in autonomic nervous system function, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), have been observed between patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy control patients and have been associated in cross-sectional studies with systemic inflammation. High HRV has been associated with low stress.
Methods: Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were followed for 9 months.
Background: Wearable devices are designed to capture health-related and physiological data. They may be able to improve inflammatory bowel disease management and address evolving research needs. Little is known about patient perceptions for their use in the study and management of inflammatory bowel disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeriving disease subtypes from electronic health records (EHRs) can guide next-generation personalized medicine. However, challenges in summarizing and representing patient data prevent widespread practice of scalable EHR-based stratification analysis. Here we present an unsupervised framework based on deep learning to process heterogeneous EHRs and derive patient representations that can efficiently and effectively enable patient stratification at scale.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic is a global public health crisis, with over 1.6 million cases and 95,000 deaths worldwide. Data are needed regarding the clinical course of hospitalized patients, particularly in the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSleep quality has been directly linked to cognitive function, quality of life, and a variety of serious diseases across many clinical domains. Standard methods for assessing sleep involve overnight studies in hospital settings, which are uncomfortable, expensive, not representative of real sleep, and difficult to conduct on a large scale. Recently, numerous commercial digital devices have been developed that record physiological data, such as movement, heart rate, and respiratory rate, which can act as a proxy for sleep quality in lieu of standard electroencephalogram recording equipment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConstructing gene regulatory networks is a critical step in revealing disease mechanisms from transcriptomic data. In this work, we present NO-BEARS, a novel algorithm for estimating gene regulatory networks. The NO-BEARS algorithm is built on the basis of the NO-TEARS algorithm with two improvements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Community health systems operating in remote areas require accurate information about where people live to efficiently provide services across large regions. We sought to determine whether a machine learning analyses of satellite imagery can be used to map remote communities to facilitate service delivery and planning.
Materials And Methods: We developed a method for mapping communities using a deep learning approach that excels at detecting objects within images.
Inexpensive embedded computing and the related Internet of Things technologies enable the recent development of smart products that can respond to human needs and improve everyday tasks in an attempt to make traditional environments more "intelligent". Several projects have augmented mirrors for a range of smarter applications in automobiles and homes. The opportunity to apply smart mirror technology to healthcare to predict and to monitor aspects of health and disease is a natural but mostly underdeveloped idea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2013
The Internet of Things is expected to increase the amount of data produced and exchanged in the network, due to the huge number of smart objects that will interact with one another. The related information management and transmission costs are increasing and becoming an almost unbearable burden, due to the unprecedented number of data sources and the intrinsic vastness and variety of the datasets. In this paper, we propose RAZOR, a novel lightweight algorithm for data compression and classification, which is expected to alleviate both aspects by leveraging the advantages offered by data mining methods for optimizing communications and by enhancing information transmission to simplify data classification.
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