In vitro coupled motions of the whole human thoracic and lumbar spine with rib cage.

Study Design: In vitro biomechanical study investigating the coupled motions of the whole normative human thoracic spine (TS) and lumbar spine (LS) with rib cage.

Objective: To quantify the region-specific coupled motion patterns and magnitudes of the TS, thoracolumbar junction (TLJ), and LS simultaneously.

Background: Studying spinal coupled motions is important in understanding the development of complex spinal deformities and providing data for validating computational models.

An investigation of range of motion preservation in fusionless anterior double screw and cord constructs for scoliosis correction.

Purpose: To evaluate the motion-preserving properties of vertebral body tethering with varying cord/screw constructs and cord thicknesses in cadaveric thoracolumbar spines.

Methods: In vitro flexibility tests were performed on six fresh-frozen human cadaveric spines (T1-L5) (2 M, 4F) with a median age of 63 (59-to-80). An ± 8 Nm load was applied to determine range of motion (ROM) in flexion-extension (FE), lateral bending (LB), and axial rotation (AR) in the thoracic and lumbar spine.

A Critical Analysis of Lateral Versus Central Endpoint in Distal Tibia Nailing: Does It Affect Alignment?

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of a traditional "center-center" end point for distal tibia nailing in comparison with a lateral-of-center end point on fracture malalignment in a cadaver model.

Methods: Nine matched pairs of human cadaveric lower-extremity specimens were used to model the effect of nail end point on fracture alignment in extra-articular distal tibia fractures. After simulation of the fracture through a standardized osteotomy, 1 member of each pair was fixed with an intramedullary nail using a "center-center" end point, whereas a lateral-of-center end point was used for the other member of the pair.

Quantifying lung and diaphragm morphology using radiographs in normative pediatric subjects, and predicting CT-derived lung volume.

Objective: To quantify the effect of age on two-dimensional (2D) radiographic lung and diaphragm morphology and determine if 2D radiographic lung measurements can be used to estimate computer tomography (CT)-derived lung volume in normative pediatric subjects.

Materials And Methods: Digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) were created using retrospective chest CT scans from 77 pediatric male and female subjects aged birth to 19 years. 2D lung and diaphragm measurements were made on the DRRs using custom MATLAB code, and Spearman correlations and exponential regression equations were used to relate 2D measurements with age.