Results of lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections based on the physician referral source.

Background: Many patients who receive lumbosacral transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESIs) are referred for the injection from a physician who does not perform the procedure.

Purpose: To compare success rates of fluoroscopically guided lumbosacral TFESIs in patients who had a clinical evaluation and recommendation for the injection by a fellowship-trained spine specialist who routinely performs ESIs (Group A), vs those who had a clinical evaluation by a fellowship-trained spine specialist who referred the patient for the procedure to be done by a different physician (Group B).

Study Design/setting: Retrospective, observational, in vivo study of consecutive patients.

Thoracic transforaminal epidural steroid injection for management of thoracic spine pain: A multicenter cross-sectional study of short-term outcomes.

Background: Thoracic transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESIs) are procedures performed for the treatment of thoracic spine pain (TSP). The literature on these interventions is sparse.

Purpose: To report outcomes of thoracic TFESIs for TSP indications.

Modification of the Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection Technique Based Upon the Anatomic Angle of the Superior Articular Process on MRI.

Objective: A modification of the conventional technique for cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection (CTFESI) has been developed. This technique may, theoretically, decrease the likelihood of the needle encountering the vertebral artery and spinal nerve. The approach uses angle measurements of the superior articular process ventral surface from the patient's axial MRI as a guide for fluoroscopic set-up and needle trajectory.

ISSLS Prize Winner: Consensus on the Clinical Diagnosis of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Results of an International Delphi Study.

Study Design: Delphi.

Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain an expert consensus on which history factors are most important in the clinical diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).

Summary Of Background Data: LSS is a poorly defined clinical syndrome.