Biological sex is associated with heterogeneous responses to IL-6 receptor inhibitor treatment in COVID-19-A retrospective cohort study.

COVID-19 is associated with higher inflammatory markers, illness severity and mortality in males compared to females. Differences in immune responses to COVID-19 may underpin sex- specific outcome differences. We hypothesised that anti-IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies are associated with heterogenous treatment effects between male and female patients.