Treatment of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage with nebulized tranexamic acid: A retrospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the association of treatment with nebulized tranexamic acid (TXA) with rates of operative intervention in post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH).

Methods: Single tertiary-referral center and satellite hospitals, retrospective cohort of adult and pediatric patients who were diagnosed with PTH in 2015-2022 and treated with nebulized TXA and standard care, compared with an age- and gender-matched control cohort treated with standard care. Patients were typically treated in the emergency department with a single dose of 500mg/5 mL TXA delivered via nebulizer.

Implicit Gender Bias in the Clinical Judgment of Psychopathy and Personality Disorders among Licensed Psychologists in the USA.

The role of implicit gender bias in the assessment of mental disorders remains a contentious and consequential issue. Inaccurate assessment of psychopathy and personality disorders (PD) among health care professionals can have deleterious consequences with respect to treatment access and planning, as well as legal decision making within forensic settings. Using a quantitative cross-sectional experimental design, 180 licensed psychologists from the USA were recruited via email using non-probability convenience sampling.

Inflammatory Reactions to Laryngeal Injection of Hyaluronic Acid Derivatives.

Objectives/hypothesis: To report the rate and describe the characteristics and management of inflammatory reactions following injection laryngoplasty with hyaluronic acid derivatives.

Study Design: Single institution, retrospective review.

Methods: Adult and pediatric patients who underwent injection laryngoplasty with hyaluronic acid derivatives from 2013 to 2020 were identified.

Length of stay among multi-ethnic psychiatric inpatients in the United Kingdom.

Background: Disproportionate rates of psychiatric admissions and length of stay (LOS) have been repeatedly observed among Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups with severe mental illness (SMI), specifically those of Black Caribbean heritage. Commensurate understanding of the mechanisms underlying this observation remains poorly understood, warranting further attention.

Method: A quasi-experimental retrospective cohort design was used to examine 11,617 psychiatric inpatient admissions in London, U.

Intraoperative ketorolac for pediatric tonsillectomy: Effect on post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage and perioperative analgesia.

Objective: Determine the impact of ketorolac on post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) and narcotic administration in children undergoing tonsillectomy.

Methods: Retrospective case series from 2013 to 2017. Patients younger than 18 years undergoing tonsillectomy were included.

Correlation between the clinical severity of laryngomalacia and endoscopic findings.

Objective: To correlate the clinical severity of laryngomalacia (LM) with endoscopic findings, swallowing evaluations and polysomnography in a cohort of patients. Method: We conducted a retrospective analysis between 2017-2018 on a cohort of patients diagnosed with upper airway obstruction (UAO), stridor, noisy breathing or laryngomalacia. This study took place at the Pediatric Pulmonology Department, Riley Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, United States of America.

Indiscriminate Pathologic Examination of Pediatric Supraglottoplasty Specimens: An Evidence-Based Approach toward Exempt Status.

Objective: The primary aim of this study was to demonstrate that indiscriminate pathologic evaluation of supraglottoplasty specimens is unnecessary and does not influence postoperative management. The secondary objective was to determine the costs associated with pathologic evaluation of supraglottoplasty specimens.

Methods: A planned chart review was conducted to evaluate data from consecutive patients undergoing supraglottoplasty.

Manifestations of Pediatric Extranodal Rosai Dorfman Disease in the head and neck.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the clinico-diagnostic profile and management outcomes of otorhinolaryngologic manifestations of Extranodal Rosai-Dorfman Disease (ENRDD) in the pediatric population.

Methods: The search terms Rosai Dorfman Disease and Sinus Histiocytosis were used to query PubMed, Ovid/Medline, and Scopus databases from inception through September 30, 2018. Studies were systematically reviewed in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol.

Comparison of Automated Posttonsillectomy Bleed Capture With Self-report.

Importance: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common procedures performed by otolaryngologists and is associated with postoperative bleeding. Bleed rates are usually monitored by self-report.

Objective: To evaluate whether using automated capture and reporting of pediatric posttonsillectomy bleeding is feasible and accurate compared with traditional self-reporting by the surgical team.

Robin sequence: what the multidisciplinary approach can do.

Robin sequence (RS) is a commonly encountered triad of micrognathia, glossoptosis, and airway obstruction, with or without a cleft palate. The management of airway obstruction is of paramount importance, and multiple reviews and retrospective series outline the diagnosis and treatment of RS. This article focuses on the multidisciplinary nature of RS and the specialists' contributions and thought processes regarding the management of the RS child from birth to skeletal maturity.

Violent typologies among women inpatients with severe mental illness.

Purpose: Extant severe mental illness (SMI) and physical violence literature focus disproportionately on community-based men samples. To address this empirical imbalance, the current study explored violence towards others and oneself among women inpatients with SMI. As those with SMI are more likely to be victims than perpetrators of violence, victimisation was also an important factor assessed in this study.

Lean Belt Certification: Pathway for Student, Resident, and Faculty Development and Scholarship.

Since July 2013, 20 trainee participants have completed the quality improvement curriculum within the Indiana University Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, including 7 otolaryngology residents, 6 otolaryngology-bound medical students, and 7 psychiatry residents. Nine faculty and staff attended. Participants were highly satisfied with the quality and effectiveness of the program.

Psychologically informed practice (PIP) for staff working with offenders with personality disorder: A pragmatic exploratory trial in approved premises.

Background: Rates of reoffending and recall are high among released male prisoners with personality disorder. There is a need for innovative intervention to reduce offending and increase staff confidence in working with such men.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel intervention consisting of training and consultation termed 'psychologically informed practice', within community-based 'approved premises' for offenders.

The incidence of postoperative aspiration among children undergoing supraglottoplasty for laryngomalacia.

We conducted a retrospective study to determine the incidence of aspiration after supraglottoplasty at Riley Hospital for Children in Indianapolis. We reviewed the charts of 468 patients-281 males and 187 females, aged 2 days to 20 years-who had undergone supraglottoplasty for the treatment of laryngomalacia; most patients (69.9%) were aged 28 days to 2 years.

Impact of Lean on surgical instrument reduction: Less is more.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine whether instrument sets that are frequently used by multiple surgeons can be substantially reduced in size with consensus.

Study Design: Prospective quality improvement study using Lean Six Sigma for purposeful and consensual reduction of non-value-added instruments in adenotonsillectomy instrument sets.

Methods: Value stream mapping was utilized to determine instrumentation usage and reprocessing workflow.

Mandibular distraction for Robin sequence associated with laryngomalacia.

Introduction: Protocols for the treatment of Robin sequence (RS) consider the presence of laryngomalacia as a contraindication to mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO). The authors report their institutional experience of MDO applied to infants with RS and associated laryngomalacia.

Methods: An 8-year (2005-2013) retrospective review of all infants with RS and laryngomalacia who underwent MDO at a tertiary care children's hospital was performed.

Childhood trauma, antisocial personality typologies and recent violent acts among inpatient males with severe mental illness: exploring an explanatory pathway.

Background: Prevalence of childhood trauma is elevated among individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) compared to the general population and associated with poor prognosis, substance misuse, lower treatment compliance and violence. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) typologies (childhood vs adult onset) also represent possible mediating mechanisms to explain risk of violence among men with SMI. The current study aimed to explore an explanatory pathway linking childhood traumatic exposure, antisocial personality typologies and risk of violent behaviour among adult male inpatients with SMI.

Invasive group A Streptococcus resulting in sepsis and abdominal wall abscess after adenotonsillectomy.

Systemic infectious complications following adenotonsillectomy are exceedingly rare. We describe an otherwise healthy 2-year-old patient who developed group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus sepsis and presumptive scarlet fever 3 days after an uncomplicated adenotonsillectomy. After resolution of fever, rash, and discharge home on antibiotics, the patient returned on postoperative day 10 with an abdominal wall abscess.

Lean Six Sigma Applied to Ultrasound Guided Needle Biopsy in the Head and Neck.

Objectives: (1) Confirm the positive value stream of office-based ultrasound using Lean Six Sigma; (2) demonstrate how ultrasound reduces time to diagnosis, costs, patient inconvenience and travel, exposure to ionizing radiation, intravenous contrast, and laboratory tests.

Study Design: Case series with historical controls using chart review.

Setting: Tertiary Veterans Administration Hospital (university-affiliated).

The effects of prematurity on incidence of aspiration following supraglottoplasty for laryngomalacia.

Objectives: To determine if patients who were born premature have a higher incidence of aspiration following supraglottoplasty compared to patients born full term.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: Two thousand three hundred sixty (2360) patient charts from Riley Hospital for Children were reviewed retrospectively.

Community DSPD pilot services in South London: rates of reconviction and impact of supported housing on reducing recidivism.

Background: The effectiveness of community services in reducing recidivism by men in the 'dangerous and severe personality disorder' framework--with personality disorder and at high risk of recidivism--is unknown.

Aims: To conduct a preliminary examination of the characteristics and reconviction rates of male offenders with personality disorder accessing two South London community dangerous and severe personality disorder pilot outpatient services and to evaluate the role of supported housing for them.

Methods: Reoffending outcomes of 107 high risk offenders with personality disorder were assessed using a cross-sectional cohort study design.

Violence and crime among male inpatients with severe mental illness: attempting to explain ethnic differences.

Background: Studies report that in the U.K., among men with severe mental illness (SMI), those of black Caribbean ethnicity display increased risk of aggressive behaviour, criminal convictions, and schizophrenia.

Propranolol in the treatment of upper airway hemangiomas.

Airway hemangiomas (AHs), which are common in infant airways, often cause significant upper airway obstruction. The various therapies used for AH have limitations and complications. Propranolol may have a potential role in its treatment, since it leads to regression or stabilization of cutaneous infantile hemangiomas.