Utility of using far-field R-wave signals in the detection of fatal ventricular arrhythmia.

Current guidelines recommend cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) programming, including faster detection rates, longer detection durations, and strict discrimination for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) to prevent unnecessary ICD treatment. This delayed-style ICD programming could lead to a rise in the possibility of VF undersensing. To avoid this risk, an innovative algorithm known as VF Therapy Assurance (VFTA; Abbott, Sylmar, CA) has been developed.

Clinical Features and Current Pharmacotherapy of OAB in Practice: Ideal and Reality.

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the prescribing patterns of anticholinergics (anti-AChR) or β3-adrenergic agonists (βA) in the pharmacotherapy of overactive bladder (OAB) and to evaluate the differences in the frequency of adverse events (AEs) between the two types of drugs using a large-scale medical claims database.

Methods: This cohort study was conducted using the JMDC claims database between May 2015 and April 2023. Patient characteristics, prescription and treatment patterns of anti-AChR and βA, and the incidence of AEs have been described.

Deep generative abnormal lesion emphasization validated by nine radiologists and 1000 chest X-rays with lung nodules.

A general-purpose method of emphasizing abnormal lesions in chest radiographs, named EGGPALE (Extrapolative, Generative and General-Purpose Abnormal Lesion Emphasizer), is presented. The proposed EGGPALE method is composed of a flow-based generative model and L-infinity-distance-based extrapolation in a latent space. The flow-based model is trained using only normal chest radiographs, and an invertible mapping function from the image space to the latent space is determined.

Effect of ICG fluorescence-assisted new nerve-sparing of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy on lower urinary tract symptoms.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy and safety of our newly developed ICG-assisted nerve-sparing (NS) robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) through subjective and objective data.

Methods: This study included 43 NS RARP patients, divided into ICG (23 patients) and non-ICG (20 patients) groups. Immunohistochemical staining with nNOS antibodies was conducted on specimens of resected prostate from the base, middle, and apex to count nNOS-positive cells.

Nationwide Survey on Incidence and Management of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis in Japan.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence, laryngeal distribution, management, and postoperative clinical course of patients with newly diagnosed adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) in Japan.

Methods: An initial brief questionnaire was sent to 782 institutions, including all 101 core and 627 collaborating institutions providing board certification programs accredited by the Japanese Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. A detailed questionnaire regarding patient age, sex, Derkay's score, surgery, and postoperative clinical course was sent to 196 institutions caring for patients with either newly or previously diagnosed RRP.

Arginine: A potential prophylactic supplement for transthyretin amyloidosis.

Transthyretin (TTR) is an amyloidogenic protein associated with TTR amyloidosis (ATTR). Dissociation of TTR tetramers into TTR monomers causes TTR misfolding, resulting in amyloid fibril formation and triggering the onset of ATTR. Low-molecular-weight tetrameric TTR stabilizers are potential therapeutic agents to delay ATTR progression.

Sex differences in recovery from postoperative sarcopenia during adjuvant CAPOX therapy for colorectal cancer.

Background: Women are predisposed to develop intolerance to cancer chemotherapy. Sarcopenia and chemotherapy are mutually related. Women are generally intolerable to chemotherapeutics such as 5-fluorouracil.

The Mayo Adhesive Probability Score as a Predictor of Postoperative Renal Function in Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score as a predictor of split renal function deterioration after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN).

Patients And Methods: A total of 30 patients who underwent RAPN were identified retrospectively. The parameters evaluated included patient characteristics, tumor diameter, MAP score, warm ischemic time (WIT), and renal function.

Arachidonic acid-derived dihydroxy fatty acids in neonatal cord blood relate symptoms of autism spectrum disorders and social adaptive functioning: Hamamatsu Birth Cohort for Mothers and Children (HBC Study).

Aim: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism, such as a high total ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). PUFAs are metabolized to epoxy fatty acids by cytochrome P450 (CYP); then, dihydroxy fatty acid is produced by soluble epoxide hydrolase. This study examined the association between PUFA metabolites in the cord blood and ASD symptoms and adaptive functioning in children.

Smartphone application for artificial intelligence-based evaluation of stool state during bowel preparation before colonoscopy.

Objectives: Colonoscopy (CS) is an important screening method for the early detection and removal of precancerous lesions. The stool state during bowel preparation (BP) should be properly evaluated to perform CS with sufficient quality. This study aimed to develop a smartphone application (app) with an artificial intelligence (AI) model for stool state evaluation during BP and to investigate whether the use of the app could maintain an adequate quality of CS.

Surgical step recognition in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy using artificial intelligence: a proof-of-concept study.

Purpose: Laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) is a difficult procedure for early career surgeons. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based surgical step recognition is crucial for establishing context-aware computer-aided surgery systems. In this study, we aimed to develop an automatic recognition model for LDG using AI and evaluate its performance.

Improvement of medication adherence for desmopressin by adjusting the prescription dosage in male patients with overactive bladder: A claims database analysis.

Objectives: Desmopressin is widely used for nocturia in patients with nocturnal polyuria. We investigated the continuation rate and adherence for desmopressin in patients with overactive bladder and nocturia using a claims database and evaluated factors that improved adherence.

Methods: Patients with nocturia in a Japanese claims database who started desmopressin between September 2019 and July 2021 were evaluated.

[Cut-off point of the risk assessment scale for the 9-year risk of functional disability].

Objectives　This study aimed to examine the cut-off point of the Risk Assessment Scale (RAS) for predicting the 9-year risk of functional disability among older Japanese adults.Methods　This prospective, 9-year follow-up study used data from the Sasaguri Genkimon Study in Fukuoka. Of the 2,629 older adults who did not have functional disabilities and participated in the baseline survey in 2011, 2,254 with complete data were included in the analysis.

Imprinted DNA methylation of the H19 ICR is established and maintained in vivo in the absence of Kaiso.

Background: Paternal allele-specific DNA methylation of the imprinting control region (H19 ICR) controls genomic imprinting at the Igf2/H19 locus. We previously demonstrated that the mouse H19 ICR transgene acquires imprinted DNA methylation in preimplantation mouse embryos. This activity is also present in the endogenous H19 ICR and protects it from genome-wide reprogramming after fertilization.

Effect of 4 hydroxy fatty acids on lipid accumulation in the 3T3-L1 cells: a comparative study.

Notwithstanding the several investigations of the hydroxy fatty acids (hFAs)' physiological functions, studies focusing on their anti-obesity effects are limited. This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of 4 hFAs-10-hydroxy stearic acid (10-hSA), 12-hydroxy stearic acid (12-hSA), 9,12-hydroxy stearic acid (9,12-dhSA), and 12-hydroxy oleic acid (12-hOA)-on the 3T3-L1 cells. All hFAs suppressed lipid accumulation, with 10-hSA and 12-hOA exhibiting the strongest suppression, followed by 12-hSA and 9,12-hSA.

Eurycomanone from Jack upregulates neurotrophin-3 gene expression in retinal Müller cells .

Photoreceptor degeneration decreases light sensitivity and leads to vision loss and various retinal diseases. Neurotrophin-3, originating from Müller glial cells in the retina, plays a key role in protecting photoreceptors from damage induced by light or hypoxia. This neuroprotective approach is important because there are no established methods to regenerate lost photoreceptors.

A Japanese herbal medicine (kampo), hochuekkito (TJ-41), has anti-inflammatory effects on the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mouse model.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease that is characterized by chronic airway inflammation. A Japanese herbal medicine, hochuekkito (TJ-41), is prominently used for chronic inflammatory diseases in Japan. This study aimed to analyze the anti-inflammatory effect of TJ-41 in vivo and its underlying mechanisms.