Quantitative GABA magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a measure of motor learning function in the motor cortex after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The neural mechanisms underlying gross and fine motor dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remain unknown. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) deficit hypothesis proposes that reduced neuronal GABA concentrations and the subsequent lack of GABA-mediated inhibition cause motor impairment after SAH. This study aimed to explore the correlation between GABA levels and a behavioral measure of motor performance in patients with SAH.

Reversible cerebral vasospasm and cerebral infarction secondary to meningitis following penetrating head trauma with bamboo.

A man in the 70s fell on a bamboo and punctured his left upper eyelid. CT of the head showed fractures of the medial and superior walls of the left orbit, intracranial traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage, intraventricular haematoma and left frontal cerebral contusion. He was treated conservatively.

Continuous theta-burst stimulation to the sensorimotor cortex affects contralateral gamma-aminobutyric acid level and resting-state networks.

Continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) is a noninvasive repetitive brain stimulation protocol that suppresses the excitability of the primary motor cortex. It induces cerebral cortical inhibition by increasing inhibitory interneuronal excitability that is associated with increases in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration in the stimulated cortices. cTBS has been applied in the rehabilitation of stroke patients to modulate interhemispheric imbalance.

Perfusion Parameter Obtained on 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Ki-67 Labeling Index Predict the Overall Survival of Glioblastoma.

Background: Pulsed arterial spin-labeling, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are useful for predicting glioma survival. We performed a comparative review of multiple parameters obtained using these pulse sequences on 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including the molecular status and Ki-67 labeling index in newly diagnosed supratentorial glioblastomas.

Methods: A total of 35 patients with glioblastomas underwent pulsed arterial spin-labeling, DTI, and MRS studies using 3-Tesla MRI preoperatively.

Comparison of multiple parameters obtained on 3T pulsed arterial spin-labeling, diffusion tensor imaging, and MRS and the Ki-67 labeling index in evaluating glioma grading.

Background And Purpose: Pulsed arterial spin-labeling, DTI, and MR spectroscopy provide useful data for tumor evaluation. We evaluated multiple parameters by using these pulse sequences and the Ki-67 labeling index in newly diagnosed supratentorial gliomas.

Materials And Methods: All 32 patients, with grade II (3 each of diffuse astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and oligoastrocytoma), grade III (3 anaplastic astrocytomas, 4 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, and 1 anaplastic oligoastrocytoma), and grade IV (14 glioblastomas and 1 glioblastoma with an oligodendroglioma component) cases underwent pulsed arterial spin-labeling, DTI, and MR spectroscopy studies by using 3T MR imaging.

One and two-photon excited optogalvanic spectra of argon in the wavelength region of 735-850 nm.

Optogalvanic (OG) spectra of argon in the visible to near-infrared spectral region between 735 and 850 nm were investigated using a Grimm-style glow-discharge tube, which has been widely used to obtain depth profiles of the elemental composition on various film-like samples. About 49 lines of one-photon and two-photon OG peaks were observed with a pulsed Ti:sapphire laser; these peaks were precisely assigned. Two-photon OG spectra of argon were easily observed without focusing the pulsed laser irradiation to more than 1 mJ.

Emission characteristics of the dielectronic recombination line of atomic Cu and selectively excited ionic Cu line by resonance charge-transfer collision in a low-pressure laser-induced plasma.

Emisson spectra and time-resolved two-dimensional (2D) emission images of the electron-ion dielectronic recombination (i.e. a reversal process of auto-ionization) line of neutral Cu atoms, the selectively excited Cu ionic line, and normal Cu atomic line were observed for understanding the excitation mechanisms of Cu neutral and ionic lines in a low-pressure laser-induced plasma (LP-LIP) of Ar.

Stabilization of the spark-discharge point on a sample surface by laser irradiation for steel analysis.

A combined technique with laser irradiation is suggested to control spark discharge for analytical use, having a unique feature that firing points of the spark discharge can be fixed by laser irradiation. Because the spark discharge easily initiates at particular surface sites, such as non-metallic inclusions, called selective discharge, the concentration of some elements sometimes deviates from their average one in spark discharge optical emission spectrometry. Therefore, stabilization of firing points on a sample surface could improve the analytical precision.

Development of a laser ablation-hollow cathode glow discharge emission source and the application to the analysis of steel samples.

A novel atomic emission spectrometry comprising laser ablation as a sampling source and hollow cathode plasma for the excitation of ablated sample atoms is proposed. In this arrangement, a conventional Grimm-type discharge lamp is employed, but the polarity of the power supply is reversed so that the cylindrical hollow tube acts as a cathode and the glow discharge plasma is produced within this tube. A laser is irradiated to introduce sample atoms into the discharge plasma.

Sampling modulation technique in radio-frequency helium glow discharge emission source by use of pulsed laser ablation.

An emission excitation source comprising a high-frequency diode-pumped Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and a radio-frequency powered glow discharge lamp is proposed. In this system sample atoms ablated by the laser irradiation are introduced into the lamp chamber and subsequently excited by the helium glow discharge plasma. The pulsed operation of the laser can produce a cyclic variation in the emission intensities of the sample atoms whereas the plasma gas species emit the radiation continuously.

Emission intensity modulation of radio-frequency helium glow-discharge emission source by laser ablation.

A novel emission excitation source comprising a high repetition rate diode-pumped Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and a Grimm-style glow-discharge lamp is described. Laser-ablated atoms are introduced into the He glow discharge plasma, which then give emission signals. By using phase-sensitive detection with a lock-in amplifier, the emission signal modulated by the pulsed laser can be detected selectively.

Effect of the driving frequency on the emission characteristics of a radio-frequency glow discharge excitation source boosted by the introduction of a d. c. bias current.

In a radio-frequency-powered glow discharge lamp, a d.c. bias current which is driven by a self-bias voltage can lead to an enhancement of the emission intensities excited by the plasma.

[Application of inflammation markers in the "essential laboratory tests" to new outpatients and analysis for the efficacious selection of these items].

We have re-evaluated the usefulness of the inflammation markers in the "essential laboratory tests" advocated by Japan Society of Clinical Pathology and analyzed for efficacious selection of these items by applying these tests to 349 new outpatients visited Comprehensive Medicine, National Defense Medical College. Among the patients with "tentative initial diagnoses" of infectious or inflammation-related diseases (133 cases), the diagnoses were confirmed in 102 patients by positive inflammation marker(s), whereas additional 22 cases with the diagnoses other than inflammation-related diseases were found to be in the inflammatory status by these tests. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were not correlated with the leukocyte number, however, neutrophilia (neutro.