Single-center analysis of cardiac amyloidosis using 99m Tc-HMDP imaging for diagnosis and evaluation after tafamidis treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of 99m Tc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate ( 99m Tc-HMDP) imaging for cardiac amyloidosis and to demonstrate changes in cardiac uptake of 99m Tc-HMDP after tafamidis treatment.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with suspected cardiac amyloidosis who underwent 99m Tc-HMDP imaging were included. We compared visual Perugini grades and semiquantitative heart-to-contralateral (H/CL) area ratios, myocardial maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and peak of SUV (SUVpeak) between cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) and amyloid light-chain amyloidosis (AL).

Development and Initial Characterization of the First F-CXCR2-Targeting Radiotracer for PET Imaging of Neutrophils.

The interleukin-8 receptor beta (CXCR2) is a highly promising target for molecular imaging of inflammation and inflammatory diseases. This is due to its almost exclusive expression on neutrophils. Modified fluorinated ligands were designed based on a squaramide template, with different modification sites and synthetic strategies explored.

Visualization of the Internal Thoracic Arteries in Giant Cell Arteritis on 18 F-FDG Semiconductor PET/CT.

A 72-year-old woman presented with the fever and the pain of skull and face for 2 weeks. 18 F-FDG PET/CT equipped with semiconductor detectors revealed strong uptake not only in the temporal, cervical, subclavian arteries, and aorta, but also in the bilateral internal thoracic arteries. The diagnosis of giant cell arteritis was made.

Evaluating the Patterns of FAPI Uptake in the Shoulder Joint: a Preliminary Study Comparing with FDG Uptake in Oncological Studies.

Background: Fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) targeting PET has been introduced as a novel molecular imaging modality for visualizing cancer-associated fibroblasts. There have also been reports suggesting incidental findings of localized accumulation in the shoulder joints. However, further characterization in a larger patient cohort is still lacking.

Interobserver Agreement Rates on C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4-Directed Molecular Imaging and Therapy.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the interobserver agreement rates in patients scanned with C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-directed PET/CT, including the rate of patients eligible for CXCR4-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) based on scan results.

Methods: Four independent observers reviewed 50 CXCR4-targeted [ 68 Ga]pentixafor PET/CT of patients with various solid cancers. On a visual level, the following items were assessed by each reader: overall scan impression, number of organ and lymph node (LN) metastases and number of affected organs and LN regions.

Quantification of bone metabolic activity in the natural course of fractural lesions measured by quantitative SPECT/CT.

Objectives: While increased uptake at the bone fractural site gradually decreases over time on bone scans, the rate of change has not been quantitatively evaluated. The purpose of this study was to quantify the extent of bone metabolic changes in fractural lesions on bone SPECT/CT.

Methods: We reviewed bone scans acquired by dedicated SPECT/CT and chose those scans in which quantitative SPECT/CT of the same range was acquired twice or more.

In Vivo Functional Assessment of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporters (SGLTs) Using [F]Me4FDG PET in Rats.

Background: Mediating glucose absorption in the small intestine and renal clearance, sodium glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) have emerged as an attractive therapeutic target in diabetic patients. A substantial fraction of patients, however, only achieve inadequate glycemic control. Thus, we aimed to assess the potential of the SGLT-targeting PET radiotracer alpha-methyl-4-deoxy-4-[F]fluoro-D-glucopyranoside ([F]Me4FDG) as a noninvasive intestinal and renal biomarker of SGLT-mediated glucose transport.

Performance Evaluation of a Preclinical SPECT Scanner with a Collimator Designed for Medium-Sized Animals.

Background: Equipped with two stationary detectors, a large bore collimator for medium-sized animals has been recently introduced for dedicated preclinical single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. We aimed to evaluate the basic performance of the system using phantoms and healthy rabbits.

Methods: A general-purpose medium-sized animal (GP-MSA) collimator with 135 mm bore diameter and thirty-three holes of 2.

Atlas of non-pathological solitary or asymmetrical skeletal muscle uptake in [F]FDG-PET.

Positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]FDG) is widely used in oncology and other fields. In [F]FDG PET images, increased muscle uptake is observed owing exercise load or muscle tension, in addition to malignant tumors and inflammation. Moreover, we occasionally observe non-pathological solitary or unilateral skeletal muscle uptake, which is difficult to explain the strict reason.

Diffuse FDG uptake in the bilateral lungs: hypersensitivity pneumonitis supported by low-dose CT findings.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease resulting from an immune-mediated response in susceptible and sensitized individuals to various inhaled antigens in the environment. Imaging diagnosis is usually based on high-resolution CT findings. Here, we present a 49-year-old man with a history of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presented with fever and occasional cough.

Visual Assessment of 18F-FDG Uptake on PET to Predict Survival Benefit to PD-1 Blockade in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade is a standard treatment for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Approximately 20% patients receiving PD-1 blockade monotherapy can survive for more than 5 years. However, there are limited data on the optimal biomarkers for predicting long-term outcomes.

Satisfied quantitative value can be acquired by short-time bone SPECT/CT using a whole-body cadmium-zinc-telluride gamma camera.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative values of short-time scan (STS) of metastatic lesions compared with a standard scan (SS) when acquired by whole-body bone SPECT/CT with cadmium-zinc-telluride (CZT) detectors. We retrospectively reviewed 13 patients with bone metastases from prostate cancer, who underwent SPECT/CT performed on whole-body CZT gamma cameras. STSs were obtained using 75, 50, 25, 10, and 5% of the list-mode data for SS, respectively.

Can the function of the tubarial glands be evaluated using [Tc]pertechnetate SPECT/CT, [F]FDG PET/CT, and [C]methionine PET/CT?

Background: The tubarial glands (TGs) are recently reported as newly found salivary gland structures that can be organs at risk predominantly localized in the tori tubarius in the nasopharynx using prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT). The aims of this study were to analyze uptake in the TGs compared with that in the other salivary glands and palatine tonsils using [Tc]pertechnetate SPECT/CT, [F]FDG PET/CT, and [C]methionine PET/CT and to confirm whether these three imaging modalities are useful in evaluating the physiological function of the TGs. Twelve and 130 patients, who underwent [Tc]pertechnetate SPECT/CT and [F]FDG/[C]methionine PET/CT, respectively, were retrospectively included.

Peritoneal dissemination of pancreatic cancer caused by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration: A case report and literature review.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a biopsy technique widely used to diagnose pancreatic tumors because of its high sensitivity and specificity. Although needle-tract seeding caused by EUS-FNA has been recently reported, dissemination of pancreatic cancer cells is generally considered to be a rare complication that does not affect patient prognosis. However, the frequency of dissemination and needle-tract seeding appears to have been underestimated.

Experimental evaluation of the GE NM/CT 870 CZT clinical SPECT system equipped with WEHR and MEHRS collimator.

Purpose: A high-energy-resolution whole-body SPECT-CT device (NM/CT 870 CZT; C-SPECT) equipped with a CZT detector has been developed and is being used clinically. A MEHRS collimator has also been developed recently, with an expected improvement in imaging accuracy using medium-energy radionuclides. The objective of this study was to compare and analyze the accuracies of the following devices: a WEHR collimator and the MEHRS collimator installed on a C-SPECT, and a NaI scintillation detector-equipped Anger-type SPECT (A-SPECT) scanner, with a LEHR and LMEGP.

Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome with renal tumor 10 years after brain tumor.

We report a case of rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome with a renal tumor developing 10 years after a brain tumor, which demonstrated an unexpectedly favorable outcome. A 2-year-old boy underwent gross total resection of a brain tumor located in the fourth ventricle, and received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. At the age of 11 years, a renal tumor was found and nephrectomy was performed.

Mediastinal Cystic Parathyroid Adenoma Diagnosed by Somatostatin Receptor Scintigraphy.

A 71-year-old man complained of nausea and loss of appetite for eight months prior to admission. He was transported to a hospital with disorientation and diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism by laboratory examinations. However, ultrasonography, computed tomography, and technetium-99m labeled methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (Tc-MIBI) with single-photon emission computed tomography did not yield definite results.

Incidentally detected microcystic serous cystadenoma of the pancreas with splenic invasion: a case report and literature review.

Serous cystic neoplasms are relatively uncommon and rarely possess malignant potential. We report a rare case of pancreatic serous cystadenoma with splenic invasion in a female in her 60s. Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT revealed a 3 cm mass in the tail of the pancreas.

Development of Ga-labeled tin colloids for evaluating phagocytic function of Kupffer cells using preclinical PET imaging.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the optimal conditions for producing Ga-labeled tin colloid and the feasibility of Ga-tin colloid positron emission tomography (PET) for visualization and evaluation of the phagocytic function of Kupffer cells (KCs) in vivo.

Methods: Ga-tin colloid was prepared by adding tin solution (1 mM, 0.2 mL) to Ga solution (1.