Impact of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder on maternal antenatal depression.

In this study, we aimed to determine the association of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) with maternal antenatal depression. This cross-sectional, online questionnaire-based observational study included 212 pregnant women between gestational ages 24 weeks and 28 weeks 6 days. PMS and PMDD were measured using the PMDD Scale, and maternal antenatal depression was evaluated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

Current practice regarding the diagnosis and treatment of anorectal malformations in female patients: a multicenter questionnaire survey in Japan.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the current practices in the diagnosis and surgical management of anorectal malformations (ARMs) in female patients in Japan, specifically focusing on anovestibular fistula (AVF), rectovaginal fistula (RVF), and persistent cloaca (PC).

Methods: An anonymous online survey was conducted with 61 institutional members of the Japanese Study Group for Anorectal Anomalies.

Results: Sixty-one institutions (100%) completed the survey.

Intervention in gut microbiota increases intestinal γ-aminobutyric acid and alleviates anxiety behavior: a possible mechanism via the action on intestinal epithelial cells.

The role of the gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis has attracted attention in recent years. Some gut microbiota produces γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammals, , but the correlation between gut microbiota composition and intestinal GABA concentration, as well as the action of intestinal GABA , are poorly understood. Herein, we found that the intestinal GABA concentration was increased in mice by the intervention of the gut microbiota with neomycin or TMC3115 (TMC3115).

Development of an HPLC method using relative molar sensitivity for the measurement of blood concentrations of nine pharmaceutical compounds.

We developed a reliable high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis method using a relative molar sensitivity (RMS) technique that does not require an authentic, identical reference analyte material to quantify blood serum carbamazepine, phenytoin, voriconazole, lamotrigine, meropenem, mycophenolic acid, linezolid, vancomycin, and caffeine levels for routine blood concentration measurements. Carbamazepine and caffeine were also used as non-analyte reference materials to calculate the RMS of each analyte. The RMS was calculated from the ratio of the slope of the calibration equation (analyte/non-analyte reference material), then used to quantify analytes in control serum samples spiked with carbamazepine, phenytoin, voriconazole, meropenem, mycophenolic acid, linezolid or vancomycin.

[Basic and Advanced Techniques of Anastomosis in Deep Surgical Fields:STA-SCA Anastomosis].

This article detailly describes the subtemporal-transtentorial STA-SCA bypass technique. Through temporal base drilling, copious cerebrospinal fluid evacuation before retraction, and sufficient retraction of the temporal lobe preserving the veins of the temporal base would be primodial to obtain an appropriate surgical field. Refrection of the tentrial free edge and identification of recipient SCA posterior to the entry point of the trochlear nerve into the cavernous sinus is a micro-anatomical key.

Ultrasound and computed tomography findings of hepatic portal venous gas associated with acute appendicitis in a paediatric patient: A case report.

Introduction: Hepatic portal venous gas is a rare and life-threatening condition characterised by the presence of gas in the portal vein. Hepatic portal venous gas is frequently associated with intestinal ischaemia and necrosis. We present the case of a paediatric patient with acute appendicitis with hepatic portal venous gas detected using ultrasonography.

Intake levels and main sources of nutrients for Japanese children with motor or intellectual disabilities.

Proper nutritional management is important for the growth and development of children with motor or intellectual disabilities; however, few studies have investigated the nutrient intake of children with disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the nutrient intake and food groups that are the main sources of nutrients for children with disabilities. This cross-sectional observational study included twenty-five children (mean age, 11⋅8 years) from five hospitals in Japan.

Proctoring System of Pediatric Laparoscopic Surgery for Choledochal Cyst.

Endoscopic surgery also has been becoming widespread in the field of pediatric surgery. However, most disease treated by pediatric surgery in a single institution are small number of cases. Besides, the variety of operative procedures that need to be performed in this field is quite wide.

Molecular Identification of UDP-Sugar-Dependent Glycosyltransferase and Acyltransferase Involved in the Phenylethanoid Glycoside Biosynthesis Induced by Methyl Jasmonate in Sesamum indicum L.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) plants contain large amounts of acteoside, a typical phenylethanoid glycoside (PhG) that exhibits various pharmacological activities. Although there is increasing interest in the biosynthesis of PhGs for improved production, the pathway remains to be clarified.

Traumatic pseudoaneurysm resulting from avulsion of the falcine branch of an azygos anterior cerebral artery: a case report.

Traumatic anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms are extremely rare. Traumatic anterior ACA aneurysms are thought to develop when the ACA at the pericallosal segment travel adjacent to immobile falx cerebri. As the majority of aneurysms are pseudoaneurysms, direct neck clipping is usually not possible, and it is often necessary to carry out direct or endovascular trapping in conjunction with proficient bypass techniques.

Incidence of testicular microlithiasis after orchidopexy for cryptorchidism and its risk factors: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Testicular microlithiasis (TML) is detected using scrotal ultrasound (US) and is characterized by hyperechoic non-shadowing foci 1-3 mm in diameter within the testicular parenchyma. Although a history of orchidopexy is a known risk factor for TML, and TML is a relatively common condition in postoperative cryptorchidism patients, no previous report has focused on risk factors for TML after orchidopexy.

Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate the time-dependent incidence of TML after orchidopexy for cryptorchidism and to identify risk factors for TML.

[Changes in Test Methods for Internationalization in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (Part 2): Establishment of a Quantitative Method for Lorazepam Using HPLC Analysis].

The Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) is an official normative publication that is referred to, for establishing the authenticity and properties and maintaining the quality of pharmaceutics in Japan. Partial amendments are periodically made to these guidelines to keep up with the progress of science and technology, and the international harmonization is revised every 5 years. Thus, "Internationalization of the JP" is one of the more important issues to address for the revision of the JP.

Development of Agonist-Based PROTACs Targeting Liver X Receptor.

Liver X receptors (LXRs) belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and function as ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate cholesterol homeostasis, lipid homeostasis, and immune responses. LXR antagonists are promising treatments for hypercholesterolemia and diabetes. However, effective LXR antagonists and inhibitors are yet to be developed.

Determination of Mogroside V in Luohanguo Extract for Daily Quality Control Operation Using Relative Molar Sensitivity to Single-Reference Caffeine.

Mogroside V is one of the characteristic and effective components of luohanguo extract, a food additive used as a sweetener in Japan as per Japan's Standards and Specifications for Food Additives (JSFA; 9th ed.). JSFA stipulates that the quantitative determination for mogroside V content in luohanguo extract applies HPLC using analytical standard mogroside V.

Development of an HPLC method with relative molar sensitivity based on 1H-qNMR to determine acteoside and pedaliin in dried sesame leaf powders and processed foods.

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with relative molar sensitivity (RMS) based on 1H quantitative NMR spectroscopy (1H-qNMR) has been developed for food ingredients such as acteoside (verbascoside) and pedaliin (pedalitin-6-O-glucoside) without requiring authentic and identical standards as the reliable analytical methods. This method is used methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (MHB) as an alternative reference standard. Each RMS is also calculated from the ratio of each analyte's molar absorption coefficient to that of MHB after correcting the purities of the analytes and reference standard by 1H-qNMR.

Author Correction: Identification and characterization of a novel β-D-galactosidase that releases pyruvylated galactose.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

The clinical outcomes of pediatric inguinal hernia repairs operated by surgical residents.

Background: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgical diseases, and surgical residents perform inguinal hernia repairs during pediatric surgery rotation. The aims of this study were to examine the clinical outcomes of pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy performed by surgical residents and to assess the suitability for surgical training.

Methods: We extracted data on elective unilateral inguinal hernia repairs performed in children between 2014 and 2018.

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus sp. HMA207, a Strain That Exhibits β-d-Galactosidase Activity To Release Pyruvylated Galactose.

The genome sequence of the Bacillus sp. strain HMA207, the culture supernatant of which exhibited β-d-galactosidase activity to release pyruvylated galactose (PvGal), was examined to identify a PvGal-ase-encoding gene. We report here the result of whole-genome shotgun sequencing, which revealed putative PvGal-ase genes.