[Antigen-specific antibody response in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation patients: in vivo and in vitro antibody production after the primary immunization with tetanus toxoid. Kanazawa University Bone Marrow Transplantation Team].

The ability of in vivo and in vitro tetanus toxoid (TT) antigen-specific antibody production after the primary immunization with TT vaccine was examined in 5 healthy adults and 3 long term survivors after HLA-identical allogeneic marrow grafting. Serum IgG anti-TT antibody titers became positive in 5 healthy adults but in only one of 3 patients. In vitro spontaneous IgG anti-TT antibody production was detected in 5 healthy adults but only one of 3 patients.

Transient engraftment of syngeneic bone marrow after conditioning with high-dose cyclophosphamide and thoracoabdominal irradiation in a patient with aplastic anemia.

We describe the clinical course of a 16 year old girl with aplastic anemia who was treated by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation. Engraftment was not obtained by simple infusion of bone marrow without immunosuppression. The patient received a high-dose cyclophosphamide and thoracoabdominal irradiation, followed by second marrow transplantation from the same donor.

Antibody to blood group glycosyltransferases in a patient transplanted with an ABO incompatible bone marrow.

In the plasma of a blood group B recipient who was transplanted with a blood group O bone marrow, we investigated an antibody to inhibit the activities of blood group A- and B-glycosyltransferases. When B lymphocytes from the patient were transformed with Epstein-Barr virus, a few clones producing antibodies to B-transferase were obtained.

[2-color analysis of lymphocyte subpopulation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood in patients with sarcoidosis].

By means of 2-color analysis, we investigated the lymphocyte subpopulation of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood (PB) of 13 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The BALF-CD4+ T cells of normal subjects and patients with sarcoidosis consisted almost completely of CD4+4B4+ cells (helper inducer T cells) and BALF-CD8+ T cells were almost completely composed of CD8+CD11- cells (cytotoxic T cells). The BALF findings of sarcoidosis were characterized by increased percentages of CD4+4B4+ cells (54.

Plasma glycosyltransferase activity after ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation and development of an inhibitor for glycosyltransferase activity.

Plasma glycosyltransferase activities were studied in eight patients after ABO-incompatible bone marrow transplantation. The ABO red blood cell type completely changed from the recipient type to the donor type; however, preexistent plasma glycosyltransferase activities of the recipient type did not change in seven of eight patients after marrow transplantation. Weak transferase activities of the donor type were observed in all of the patients after marrow grafting.

[Flow cytometric analysis of T lymphocyte subsets after human bone marrow transplantation using monoclonal antibodies and dual immunofluorescence].

Using monoclonal antibodies and a dual immunofluorescence technique, we studied the abnormalities of T lymphocyte subsets after human marrow transplantation. T lymphocytes bearing HLA-DR antigen increased both in patients with acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Parallel to a decrease in CD4+ cells, a CD4+ 2H4+ subset decreased and gradually recovered with time while the percentage of CD4+ 4B4+ cells increased.

Long-term observation of immunologic reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: differences in recovery among functional T cell subsets.

A 27-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the first relapse received allogeneic marrow graft from an HLA-identical sister on April 28, 1978. We studied in vitro immunologic parameters such as T cell surface phenotypes, proliferative response to PHA and Con A; T cell suppressor and helper function for in vitro immunoglobulin production stimulated with pokeweed mitogen serially after the transplantation. Despite a low OKT4/OKT8 ratio for more than 5 yrs after marrow grafting, proliferative response to PHA recovered to normal 4 yrs and 9 months post-transplant.

Altered circadian blood pressure rhythm in patients with Cushing's syndrome.

The circadian blood pressure rhythm was compared in patients with Cushing's syndrome, essential hypertension, and primary aldosteronism. In patients with essential hypertension or primary aldosteronism, a clear nocturnal fall in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was observed. This fall was seen in untreated subjects as well as in patients receiving combined treatment with a calcium antagonist, diuretic, converting enzyme inhibitor, alpha-blocker and beta-blocker, or sympatholytic drug.

Proliferative and differentiative responses of B cells from human marrow graft recipients to T cell-derived factors.

Upon activation, B cells express growth and differentiation receptors that permit them to proliferate and differentiate. The aim of this study is to define the nature of the intrinsic B cell defects found in marrow recipients using assays for B cell activation, proliferation, and differentiation. B cells from five short-term (less than three months postgrafting) and 15 long-term (greater than one year postgrafting) marrow recipients (ten with and five without chronic graft-v -host disease [GVHD]) were studied.

Nonspecific suppressor T cells cause decreased mixed lymphocyte culture reactivity in bone marrow transplant patients.

Decreased reactivity in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) was observed in patients within 1 yr after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation. Suppressor activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from transplant patients was studied by adding these cells as modulator cells to a bidirectional MLC with cells from normal individuals. PBMC from transplant patients markedly suppressed MLC reactivity in a dose-dependent manner.

Effect of activated lymphocytes on the regulation of hematopoiesis: enhancement and suppression of in vitro BFU-E growth by T cells stimulated by autologous non-T cells.

Autologous mixed lymphocyte culture (AMLR) is an immunologic response with memory and specificity and plays a role in immune regulation. Effects of T cells activated by AMLR were studied in the regulation of in vitro erythropoiesis. AMLR-activated T cells were cocultured with autologous non-T, nonphagocytic peripheral blood mononuclear cells for assaying erythroid progenitor cells (BFU-E).

Enhancement of in vitro erythropoiesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from allogeneic marrow recipients in the early post-transplant period.

The effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from bone marrow recipients on in vitro growth of erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) was studied. PBMCs were obtained from 5 allogeneic, 1 syngeneic and 1 autologous bone marrow recipient(s) at different intervals after transplantation. The number of BFU-E was significantly increased when donor bone marrow cells were co-cultured with PBMCs obtained from allogeneic marrow recipients in the early post-transplant period.

Effect of activated lymphocytes on the regulation of hematopoiesis: suppression of in vitro granulopoiesis and erythropoiesis by OKT8+ Ia- T cells induced by concanavalin-A stimulation.

The effects of activated lymphocytes were studied in the regulation of in vitro hematopoiesis. Peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A) were cocultured with normal bone marrow cells in the assay system of hematopoietic stem cells. Con-A-stimulated lymphocytes and their supernatants showed significant suppression of in vitro growth of myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-C, CFU-E, and BFU-E).

Immunological reconstitution after allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation.

Immunological reconstitution was studied with regard to T cell subsets and their functions in patients who received intensive therapy and autologous or allogeneic marrow transplantation. One of the distinct features was the imbalance of T cell subsets. Long-standing inversion of the OKT4/OKT8 ratio was characteristic in both autotransplant and allotransplant patients.

T lymphocyte reconstitution in long-term survivors after allogeneic and autologous marrow transplantation.

T cell subsets and their immune reactivities were studied in long-term survivors after bone marrow transplantation and the results of autotransplanted and allotransplanted patients were compared. These two groups of patients (4 autotransplants and 4 allotransplants) were roughly comparable in terms of their underlying diseases, pretransplant conditioning regimens, supportive care, and posttransplant sampling days for immunological studies. Significant differences were observed between autologous and allogeneic marrow recipients in the total number of OKT3-, OKT4-, OKT8-, and OKIa1 -positive cells.

Controlled study of therapeutic granulocyte transfusions in granulocytopenic patients with severe infections.

The effectiveness of therapeutic granulocyte transfusions was studied in a controlled trial involving 75 granulocytopenic patients with severe infections. Patients who had granulocyte counts of less than 200/mm3 and no response to antibiotic therapy were assigned to receive antibiotic therapy alone or granulocyte transfusions plus antibiotic therapy. Granulocytes were collected by filtration leukapheresis (FL), intermittent flow centrifuge leukapheresis (IFCL) or continuous flow centrifuge leukapheresis (CFCL).

Effect of activated lymphocytes on the regulation of hematopoiesis: suppression of in vitro granulopoiesis by OKT8+Ia+T cells induced by alloantigen stimulation.

We studied the effects of alloantigen-stimulated lymphocytes in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Alloantigen-stimulated lymphocytes were harvested on days 2 to 3, days 6 to 7, or days 9 to 10 of MLC and were tested for their effects on granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-C). Dose-dependent suppression of CFU-C was observed when alloantigen-stimulated lymphocytes from days 6 to 7 and days 9 to 10 MLC were added to the cultures of autologous or allogeneic bone marrow cells for CFU-C assays.