Publications by authors named "Matsubara N"
Background: In TALAPRO-2, the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor talazoparib plus the androgen receptor-signaling inhibitor enzalutamide improved radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) versus placebo plus enzalutamide (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.51-0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: KEYNOTE-361 evaluated first-line pembrolizumab with and without platinum-based chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The primary end points of progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) were not met. Exploratory analysis of efficacy by platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) is reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The phase 3 KEYNOTE-361 trial of first-line pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (la/mUC) completed enrollment before the approval of postchemotherapy maintenance avelumab for patients without progressive disease. This post hoc analysis evaluated the outcomes of patients who received chemotherapy alone in KEYNOTE-361 by retrospective eligibility for subsequent maintenance therapy.
Patients And Methods: Patients in the chemotherapy alone arm were retrospectively categorized as maintenance eligible (received ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy and did not die or experience disease progression within 10 weeks of chemotherapy completion), maintenance ineligible (received <4 cycles of chemotherapy or had progressive disease or died within 0-10 weeks after completion of ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy), and indeterminate eligibility for maintenance therapy (if neither maintenance eligible or ineligible).
Article Synopsis
- Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a severe skin condition that mainly causes deep ulcers in the legs, and adalimumab is the first approved treatment for it in Japan.
- A study involving 67 patients assessed the safety and effectiveness of adalimumab, finding that most patients were older and had other health issues; 18.9% experienced adverse reactions.
- After 12 weeks, around 42.9% of patients showed significant improvement in their condition, suggesting adalimumab is generally well tolerated, but further research is needed for long-term insights.
Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing has emerged as a novel tool for cancer precision medicine. This study investigated the genomic profiling and clinical utility of ctDNA in metastatic prostate cancer.
Methods: This is a nation-wide prospective observational study.
Background: This detailed analysis further characterizes the safety profile of talazoparib plus enzalutamide in the ongoing randomized, phase III TALAPRO-2 study in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In both the all-comers and homologous recombination repair (HRR)-deficient populations, talazoparib plus enzalutamide significantly improved radiographic progression-free survival compared with placebo plus enzalutamide.
Methods: The talazoparib plus enzalutamide safety populations in TALAPRO-2 included 398 patients from cohort 1 (all-comers, unselected for HRR gene alterations) and 198 patients from the combined HRR-deficient population (patients from the all-comers population with HRR gene alterations plus subsequently enrolled patients with HRR gene alterations; cohort 2).
Purpose: The three-arm, phase III KEYNOTE-361 study did not meet its dual primary endpoints of progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) with first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy in advanced urothelial carcinoma. This prespecified exploratory analysis assessed the association of tumor mutational burden (TMB) and PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) with clinical outcomes.
Patients And Methods: TMB and PD-L1 CPS were determined via whole-exome sequencing and PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx, respectively.
Background: First-line pembrolizumab monotherapy is a standard of care for platinum-ineligible patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC). No global standardized definition of platinum ineligibility exists. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with UC who met various criteria for platinum ineligibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat Is This Summary About?: This summary is about the ongoing research study called TALAPRO-3. This study is testing the use of two medicines called talazoparib and enzalutamide. The two medicines are being used together as a treatment for patients with a type of cancer called metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer and changes in specific DNA repair genes within their tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Undetectable circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an obstacle to performing comprehensive genomic profiling in daily practice to identify genomic alterations. We investigated the associations between clinicopathological factors and undetectable ctDNA using a commercially available comprehensive genomic profiling assay in metastatic prostate cancer.
Patients And Methods: Patients treated with systemic treatment for metastatic prostate cancer were included.
We report the case of a 74-year-old woman with Parkinson's disease (PD) who developed acute dysphagia, dysarthria, and hoarseness. A neurological examination and nasopharyngeal fiberscopy revealed paralysis of the left glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves. No skin rash was observed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to clarify associations of clinical and neuropsychological features and change in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) on I-IMP-SPECT in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who developed dementia. Sixty-one PD patients (mean age, 65.9 ± 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - This fourth edition of the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prostate Cancer 2023 was developed by the Japanese Urological Association and involved experts from various related organizations, ensuring a comprehensive approach to prostate cancer management.
- - The guidelines emphasize the use of systematic reviews to inform recommendations for 14 specific clinical questions, with decisions made based on the collective input of 24 guideline development members.
- - A general statement outlines findings from literature searches on areas not covered by systematic reviews, with a focus on updates and changes since the last guidelines published in 2016.
Background: In the THOR trial (NCT03390504) Cohort 1, erdafitinib demonstrated significantly prolonged overall survival (OS) (median 12.1 versus 7.8 months) and reduced risk of death by 36% (hazard ratio 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat Is This Summary About?: This summary describes the results from the TALAPRO-2 research study (also known as a clinical trial). The TALAPRO-2 study tested the combination of two medicines called talazoparib plus enzalutamide. This combination of medicines was used as the first treatment for adult patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChest computed tomography (CT) revealed a focal ground glass opacity (GGO) with a minimal solid area in a 75-year-old man. The shadow was located in the periphery of the right upper lobe and measured 11 mm in diameter. The patient had a medical history of metachronous prostate and gastric cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Therapeutic oligonucleotides like antisense DNA are promising for treating previously untreatable diseases, but their effectiveness is limited by poor cell membrane penetration.
- The research team developed a new version of Membrane Permeable Oligonucleotides (MPON) called trimer MPON, which features a unique tri-branched structure designed for better cellular uptake without relying on endocytosis.
- The paper discusses the design, synthesis, and testing of trimer MPON, paving the way for improved delivery methods of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
Article Synopsis
- Recent clinical trials indicate that combining PARP inhibitors with novel hormonal therapy can improve progression-free survival in men with metastatic prostate cancer, leading to new approvals for this treatment by regulatory bodies in several countries.
- * The study utilized the RAND/UCLA Delphi method, involving a panel of 12 experts who reviewed literature and rated management options for adverse events (AEs) arising from treatment across 419 patient scenarios.
- * Key findings showed a significant reduction in disagreement among experts on AE management strategies, with consensus on approaches for managing mild, moderate, and severe AEs, enhancing guidance for clinical decision-making.
Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the safety and efficacy of retifanlimab (a monoclonal antibody) and INCB001158 (an oral arginase inhibitor) in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors through a phase Ib trial.
- Eighteen patients participated, with no dose-limiting toxicities or severe adverse events; common treatment-related issues included mild rash and one immune-related thyroid disorder.
- Results showed some antitumor activity with retifanlimab monotherapy (33.3% overall response rate), but the combination therapy did not yield any positive responses, indicating further research is needed.
Synthetic genes for the two subunits of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) from wheat were expressed in . When each gene was induced individually, the α subunit with a cleavable 6 × His tag at the amino terminus was largely soluble, while the β subunit was almost completely insoluble. When the two subunits were co-expressed, a soluble fraction containing the two subunits were obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objective: In comparison to chemotherapy, enfortumab vedotin (EV) prolonged overall survival in patients with previously treated advanced urothelial carcinoma in EV-301. The objective of the present study was to assess patient experiences of EV versus chemotherapy using patient-reported outcome (PRO) analysis of health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
Methods: For patients in the phase 3 EV-301 trial randomized to EV or chemotherapy we assessed responses to the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) at baseline, weekly for the first 12 wk, and then every 12 wk until discontinuation.
Article Synopsis
- A first-in-human study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of acapatamab, a bispecific T-cell engager targeting metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
- 133 patients participated, receiving varying doses of acapatamab; the most common side effect was cytokine release syndrome (CRS), noted in a large majority, particularly during the first treatment cycle.
- Preliminary results showed some antitumor activity, with 30.4% of patients experiencing confirmed PSA responses, though the overall durable activity was limited and further evaluation is needed.
Article Synopsis
- Photosystem II (PSII) initiates water oxidation through a four-step cycle involving S states (i=0-4) at a manganese-calcium-oxygen (MnCaO) cluster, ultimately leading to oxygen production.
- Employing pump-probe serial femtosecond crystallography, the study tracks structural changes in PSII from nanoseconds to milliseconds following illumination, highlighting rapid dynamics of a tyrosine residue and surrounding molecules connected to the electron transfer process.
- A notable finding includes the appearance and subsequent disappearance of a water molecule near the D1 subunit’s Glu189, indicating its role in forming the O6 oxygen during this fast-paced electron and proton transfer sequence.
Purpose: Imaradenant is a novel potent and selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist that is hypothesized to reduce immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. This phase I, open-label, dose-escalation study evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, and anti-tumor activity of imaradenant.
Methods: Japanese patients with advanced solid malignancies received imaradenant 50 mg (n = 3) or 75 mg (n = 7) once daily (QD).