Prevalence of symptoms in relation to androgen concentrations in women using estrogen plus progestogen and women using estrogen alone.

Objective: Women using estrogen plus progestogen therapy sometimes report difficult to describe symptoms, eg, changes in libido, mood, and memory, that may be related to decreased androgens. To evaluate the prevalence of such symptoms and relate these symptoms to androgen levels in women using estrogen plus progestogen therapy, data from the Women's Health in the Lund Area Study were analyzed.

Design: A total of 2,816 women using estrogen plus progestogen therapy were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of questions concerning sexual well-being and different aspects of quality of life.

Testosterone correlated to symptoms of partial androgen deficiency in aging men (PADAM) in an elderly Swedish population.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of different symptoms of partial androgen deficiency in aging men (PADAM) and to correlate them with blood concentrations of testosterone and bioavailable testosterone.

Design: A total of 370 men, aged 55 to 75 years, were invited to one of three primary healthcare centers in Sweden. They were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding demographic data, medical history, mood status, medication, castration therapy and smoking, exercise and alcohol habits, as well as different symptoms of PADAM.

Prevalence of symptoms possibly related to PADAM, in a Swedish population aged 55, 65 and 75 years.

Objectives: With age there is an average decline in the concentration of biologically active testosterone. It is still controversial if this leads to a clinically relevant deficit, "partial androgen deficiency of the ageing man" (PADAM). Our objective was to investigate the prevalence of a series of symptoms possibly associated with PADAM in an assumed normal-population of older men.

Hot flushes in a male population aged 55, 65, and 75 years, living in the community of Linköping, Sweden.

Objective: Hot flushes are as common in castrated men as in menopausal women. We investigated whether hot flushes exist in a normal aging male population and to what extent.

Design: A questionnaire was sent to all men living in Linköping, Sweden, who were 55, 65, and 75 years old ( = 1,885).