[Viral contamination of polio vaccines in context of antivaccination mythology].

Analysis of publications about real and suggested contamination of polio vaccines produced in 1950s and 1960s with simian viruses--SV40 and SIV--is performed. Factual data are discussed and antivaccination fictions about calamitous consequences of really occurred contamination with SV40 and concocted contamination with SIV are refuted.

[Antivaccine misinformation about rate of adverse effects and toxicity of vaccines].

Two widely known antivaccine inventions are discussed: "vaccination is accompanied by adverse effects, which exceeded complications of respective infections on frequency and severity" and "vaccines represent appalling conglomerate of toxic substances, which is unnaturally to administer to children". Informational and psychological nature of dissemination of these inventions is analyzed. On the basis of recent literature data conclusion was made about the absence of real toxicity (including neurotoxicity), carcinogenicity, allergenicity and autopathogenicity of phenol, folmaldehyde, aluminium hydroxide, Twin 80, squalen (MF59) and ethylmercury in concentrations found in vaccines of national immunization schedule.

[Affinoleukin in combined treatment of psoriasis].

Open randomized controlled clinical trials in which 161 patients were included showed that Affinoleukin (commercial drug which contains low molecular weight proteins obtained from extract of human leukocytes membranes) was effective in treatment of psoriasis. Affinoleukin, when added to regular treatment, accelerated the establishment of remission and its duration by restoration of impaired regulatory and defensive functions of T-lymphocytes, particularly, gamma deltaT- and NKT-cells as well as monocytes and NK-cells. Regular treatment led to marked positive effect in 45% of patients with severe psoriasis and psoriasis of intermediate severity.

[The affinity binding of staphylococci with immobilized human plasminogen].

The phenomenon of the selective adhesion of staphylococci to immobilized human plasminogen was discovered and studied in the reaction of bacteriosorption. The study, made with S.aureus cells, strain Cowan 1, revealed that the degree of adhesion depended on the amount of immobilized protein and the time of its contact with bacterial suspension.

[Staphylococcal binding with immobilized proteins in the bacteriosorption reaction].

The affinity binding of staphylococci with fibronectin (FN), fibrinogen (FG) and IgG was studied by means of the bacteriosorption test developed by the authors. For this purpose, the suspensions of staphylococci of the strains under study in physiological saline containing 0.1% of Tween-20 was applied in drops onto the areas of polystyrene Petri dishes sensitized with consecutive dilutions of FN, FG, gamma globulin (GL) and ovalbumin (control).

[The effect of preparations of specific and nonspecific transfer-factor on the course of experimental tick-borne encephalitis].

Syrian hamsters subcutaneously inoculated with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus were given transfer-factor (TF) preparations derived by different methods. The preparation of specific TF was obtained from the blood leukocytes of TBE convalescents. The nonspecific TF preparations were made of the lymphocytes of the tonsils removed from children with chronic tonsillitis outside the TBE focus.

[Delayed hypersensitivity to the antigens of the herpes simplex virus and herpetic resistance induced in mice by the administration of xenogeneic lymphocytic ultrafiltrates].

Experiments on mice have shown that ultrafiltrates, prepared from lymphocytes obtained from the spleen of horses immunized with herpes vaccine and from human tonsils, contain herpes-specific transfer factor inducing delayed hypersensitivity. The antiherpetic resistance of mice has been found to achieve its maximum if herpes simplex antigens are introduced after the injection of the preparation of transfer factor.

[Nonspecific and antigen-specific adhesiveness of circulating lymphocytes in dysentery patients undergoing combined therapy using thymalin and indomethacin].

Nonspecific adhesiveness of lymphocytes to polyacrylonitrile fiber and the antigen-specific adhesiveness of T-lymphocytes to Shigella flexneri pellicular immunosorbent have been studied in dysentery patients. Short courses of treatment with indomethacin, but not with thymalin (the preparation of thymic hormones), used for immunomodulation, have accelerated the normalization of nonspecific lymphocyte adhesiveness during regression of the disease, while indomethacin, in contrast to thymalin, inhibits antigen-specific T-lymphocyte adhesiveness which increases with the development of immune response.

[Assessment of the specific activity of commercial allergen preparations made of house dust in the bacteriosorption reaction: a comparison with the results of the radioallergosorbent inhibition test].

The activity of the commercial batches of house-dust (HD) allergens was compared in the inhibition of the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and in the direct bacteriosorbent test (BST), detecting IgG to the antigens by adsorption on the complexes of whole staphylococcal cells containing protein A. BST was made with rabbit antiserum to HD allergen. This antiserum inhibited RAST by 76% and, therefore, contained antibodies to most of the allergenic determinants of HD.

[Bacteriosorption reaction on a smooth surface for detecting antibodies and antigens].

The solid-phase technique for the detection of antibodies and antigens has been developed and named the bacteriosorption test. The test is based on binding staphylococci containing protein A with the Fc-regions of IgG-antibodies attached to antigens immobilized on polystyrene. The possibilities of this technique have been analyzed with the use of diphtheria toxoid, house-dust allergen and homologous rabbit antisera.

[Ultrafiltration characteristics of immunobiological preparations].

The removal of ammonium sulfate from the bulk product of fermented antitoxic serum by continuous diafiltration was not accompanied by changes in the stability of the solution. To concentrate immunoglobulin, eluted from DEAE cellulose, by diafiltration, the stabilization of the solution by adding sodium chloride at high concentration was necessary. The use of membranes purchased from different manufacturers and having similar selectivity characteristics permitted obtaining transfer factor preparations somewhat differing in their biological activity.

[Biological characteristics of 3 new substrains of laboratory mice used in evaluating the quality of pertussis vaccines].

NFR/NM, NFS/NM inbred mice and M : CFLP random bred mice have been shown to possess immunobiological properties making them suitable for the evaluation of the quality of pertussis vaccines and for their standardization. NFS/NM mice are highly sensitive to the histamine-sensitizing factor, while M : CFLP mice are sensitive to the lienotoxic factor of pertussis vaccines. All these substrains of mice have sufficient fertility for their breeding under the conditions of a commercial breeding establishment.

[Evaluation of the immunospecific activity of allergens prepared from house dust and the mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in the bacteriosorption reaction on a flat surface].

The content of protein A-reactive IgG to allergens prepared from house dust and D. pteronyssinus was determined in the sera of 4 immunized rabbits, 10 sensitized and hyposensitized guinea pigs and 37 treated and untreated allergic patients by means of the previously developed bacteriosorption test (BST). The sensitivity of the test for the determination of allergen-specific antibodies was 50-100 ng/ml.

[The local specific immune response to Staphylococcus aureus protein A in human tonsillar lymphoid tissue].

Formation of antibodies and development of delayed hypersensitivity to protein A are usual components of the immune response of tonsillar lymphoid tissue to S. aureus infection in chronic tonsillitis in man. The preparations of transfer factor, produced from human tonsillar T-cells, show increased activity in the intraspecific transfer of delayed hypersensitivity to staphylococcal protein A from humans to mice.

[Experimental basis of a new principle for purifying antilymphocyte serum].

The experiment has demonstrated a higher immunosuppressive activity of antilymphocytic serum, purified with the use of a placental immunoadsorbent, in comparison with the preparations exhausted by red blood cells and plasma. This fact experimentally substantiates the use of the immunoadsorbent prepared from human placenta for the purification of antilymphocytic immunoglobin preparations. Rabbit immunoglobulin to human lymphocytes obtained by means of the new method corresponds to the technical specifications for such preparations and is less reactogenic than antilymphocytic immunoglobulin prepared in accordance with the routine technology.

[Cytophilic immunoglobulins on the surface of neutrophilic granulocytes in mice perorally immunized with a live vaccine made from the supressor revertant S. typhimurium Rev 8].

The reaction of the spleen cell migration inhibition in the presence of monospecific antisera against mouse G, A and M immunoglobulins was used to detect cytophilic antibodies on the surface of mouse granulocytes. The oral administration of ACR live vaccine from suppressor revertant Salmonella typhimurium Rev. 8 protected the mice against infection induced by virulent species of mouse.

[Changes in the proliferative response of human lymphocytes in vitro on exposure to subcellular components of Bordetella pertussis].

Different components of B. pertussis were found to have a similar inhibitory effect on thymidine-3H incorporation caused by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in the culture of lymphocytes taken from donors immunized with tetanus toxoid. However, the same fractions of B.

[Adjuvant properties of transfer factor preparations from human tonsillar lymphocytes].

Low molecular components (Mol. m below 10 000 dalton) of the extract prepared from the human tonsils lymphocytes produced an adjuvant effect on th formation of tuberculin sensitivity in guinea pigs immunized with BCG. This interspecies adjuvant effect was proportional to the dose of the "transfer-factor" preparations administered, depended on the method of their preparation, was expressed in administration of the preparations simultaneously with the immunization, before it or after the tuberculin tests, and under definite conditions was replaced by the immunodepressive effect.

[Cellular immunity in mice immunized with pertussis vaccine].

The authors studied the developmental mechanism of postvaccinal resistanceof mice (C57BL/6J and CC57Br) to the intracerebral infection with the virulent B. pertussis culture. A model of syngenous transfer of various cells of the immunized donors (peritoneal cells, cells of neuroglia, the spleen, thymus and the lymph nodes) was used.