Alginate-Bentonite-Based Hydrogels Designed to Obtain Controlled-Release Formulations of Dodecyl Acetate.

Dodecyl acetate (DDA), a volatile compound present in insect sex pheromones, was incorporated into alginate-based granules to obtain controlled-release formulations (CRFs). In this research, not only was the effect of adding bentonite to the basic alginate-hydrogel formulation studied, but also that of the encapsulation efficiency on the release rate of DDA in laboratory and field experiments. DDA encapsulation efficiency increased as the alginate/bentonite ratio increased.

Alginate-based hydrogels modified with olive pomace and lignin to removal organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.

In this study, new hybrid biopolymers based on alginate and low cost materials belong lignocellulose group such as lignin and olive pomace were used to removal organic pollutants. The organic carbon content, granule size, average mass, zero charge point, water uptake and swelling of the resulting alginate-based modified adsorbents were measured. The homogeneity, complexity and encapsulation viability of the novel biopolymers were studied by FT-IR, TGA and SEM.

Preparation and Characterization of Azadirachtin Alginate-Biosorbent Based Formulations: Water Release Kinetics and Photodegradation Study.

The botanical insecticide azadirachtin was incorporated in alginate-based granules to obtain controlled release formulations (CRFs). The basic formulation [sodium alginate (1.47%) - azadirachtin (0.

Preparation and characterization of imidacloprid lignin-polyethylene glycol matrices coated with ethylcellulose.

Imidacloprid, a systemic insecticide that has a water solubility of 610 mg L(-1), has been formulated in lignin-polyethylene glycol matrices by a melting process. This formulation was coated in a Wurster type fluidized-bed equipment using ethylcellulose and dibutyl sebacate. Imidacloprid has been entrapped, with an entrapment efficiency higher than 87% in all cases.

Prevention of chloridazon and metribuzin pollution using lignin-based formulations.

The herbicides chloridazon and metribuzin, identified as groundwater pollutants, were incorporated in lignin-based granules with different sizes to obtain controlled release formulations (CRFs) and reduce water pollution risk. Kinetics release tests in water and soil showed that the release rate of both from CRFs diminished in comparison to technical products. A linear correlation was obtained between the time taken for 50% of the active ingredient to be released (T(50)) into water and granule size of the CRFs.

Use of ethylcellulose to control chlorsulfuron leaching in a calcareous soil.

Controlled release formulations (CRFs) have been researched to reduce the water-polluting risk derived from the use of conventional formulations of chlorsulfuron. Coated chlorsulfuron granules were produced in a Wuster-type fluidized-bed equipment using two different amounts of ethylcellulose. The highest one was modified by the addition of a plasticizer such as dibutyl sebacate.

Effects of dissolved organic carbon on phosphate retention on two calcareous soils.

To evaluate the effects of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on phosphate retention (including both sorption and/or precipitation reactions) on soils, experiments were performed by using two typical calcareous soils from southeastern Spain (Calcic Regosol and Luvic Xerosol) and two different types of DOC: (1) extracts from a commercial peat (DOC-PE) and (2) high-purity tannic acid (DOC-TA). The experiments were carried out from a 0.01 M CaCl2 aqueous medium at 25 degrees C.

Use of activated bentonites in controlled-release formulations of atrazine.

The herbicide atrazine (6-chloro-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) was incorporated in alginate-based granules to obtain controlled-release (CR) properties. The basic formulation [sodium alginate (1.40%)-atrazine (0.