Impact of dementia and mild cognitive impairment on bone health in older people.

Mild cognitive impairment, dementia and osteoporosis are common diseases of ageing and, with the increasingly ageing global population, are increasing in prevalence. These conditions are closely associated, with shared risk factors, common underlying biological mechanisms and potential direct causal pathways. In this review, the epidemiological and mechanistic links between mild cognitive impairment, dementia and skeletal health are explored.

Radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis: state of the art.

Radiofrequency Echographic Multi Spectrometry (REMS) is a radiation-free, portable technology, which can be used for the assessment and monitoring of osteoporosis at the lumbar spine and femoral neck and may facilitate wider access to axial BMD measurement compared with standard dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA).There is a growing literature demonstrating a strong correlation between DXA and REMS measures of BMD and further work supporting 5-year prediction of fracture using the REMS Fragility Score, which provides a measure of bone quality (in addition to the quantitative measure of BMD).The non-ionising radiation emitted by REMS allows it to be used in previously underserved populations including pregnant women and children and may facilitate more frequent measurement of BMD.

Quality of life in sarcopenia measured with the SarQoL questionnaire: A meta-analysis of individual patient data.

Age-related sarcopenia, resulting from a gradual loss in skeletal muscle mass and strength, is pivotal to the increased prevalence of functional limitation among the older adult community. The purpose of this meta-analysis of individual patient data is to investigate the difference in health-related quality of life between sarcopenic individuals and those without the condition using the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL) questionnaire. A protocol was published on PROSPERO.

The role of osteoarthritis severity, BMI and age on clinical efficacy of bone marrow aspirate concentrate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

The aim of this study was to assess whether BMI, severity of knee osteoarthritis, age and gender have any influence on the final clinical results of bone marrow aspirate concentrate injection. A total of 111 study participants with painful knee osteoarthritis and different characteristics concerning before mentioned factors underwent bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) therapy and were followed up for 1 year. Significant pain and functional improvement were observed in all participant groups.

Novel formulations of oral bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Oral bisphosphonates are a key intervention in the treatment of osteoporosis and in reducing the risk of fragility fractures. Their use is supported by over 3 decades of evidence; however, patient adherence to oral bisphosphonates remains poor in part due to complex dosing instructions and adverse events, including upper gastrointestinal symptoms. This problem has led to the development of novel oral bisphosphonate formulations.

Multimodal Multidisciplinary Management of Patients with Moderate to Severe Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Need to Meet Patient Expectations.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common and disabling medical conditions. In the case of moderate to severe pain, a single intervention may not be sufficient to allay symptoms and improve quality of life. Examples include first-line, background therapy with symptomatic slow-acting drugs for OA (SYSADOAs) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women on maternal immunization against COVID-19 in Croatia.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess pregnant women's knowledge and attitudes regarding maternal COVID-19 immunization during pregnancy.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in two teaching hospitals between May and October 2021 in Zagreb, Croatia. During antenatal clinic visit pregnant women were approached and asked to fill out a predesigned questionnaire about their knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination.

Management of hand osteoarthritis: from an US evidence-based medicine guideline to a European patient-centric approach.

Hand osteoarthritis is the most common joint condition and is associated with significant morbidity. It is of paramount importance that patients are thoroughly assessed and examined when complaining of hand stiffness, pain, deformity or disability and that the patient's concerns and expectations are addressed by the healthcare professional. In 2019 the American College of Rheumatology and Arthritis Foundation (ACR/AF) produced guidelines which included recommendations for the treatment of hand osteoarthritis.

Comparison of transvaginal sonographic cervical length measurement and Bishop score for predicting labour induction outcomes.

Objectives: Induction of labour (IOL) is of increasing prevalence worldwide and reliable prediction of its successful outcome is important. Traditional clinical methods for predicting successful IOL outcomes have been supplemented with newer technologies. The aim of this study was to compare transvaginal sonographic (TVS) cervical length measurement with Bishop score in predicting labour induction outcomes.

Management of patients at very high risk of osteoporotic fractures through sequential treatments.

Osteoporosis care has evolved markedly over the last 50 years, such that there are now an established clinical definition, validated methods of fracture risk assessment and a range of effective pharmacological agents. Currently, bone-forming (anabolic) agents, in many countries, are used in those patients who have continued to lose bone mineral density (BMD), patients with multiple subsequent fractures or those who have fractured despite treatment with antiresorptive agents. However, head-to-head data suggest that anabolic agents have greater rapidity and efficacy for fracture risk reduction than do antiresorptive therapies.

Comparison of intracervical and intravaginal prostaglandin E2 for induction of labor in term pregnancies with unfavorable cervix: Randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare intracervical (IC) and intravaginal (IV) application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) for labor induction in term pregnancies with unfavorable cervix.

Study Design: This prospective randomized trial included 212 pregnant women with term pregnancy and unfavorable cervix randomly assigned for labor induction with either IC (0.5 mg) or IV (2 mg) PGE2 formulation.

Expert advice about therapeutic exercise in the management of sacroiliac dysfunction in pregnancy: Secondary analysis of a randomized trial.

Objective: To assess primiparous and multiparous women, and singleton and multiple pregnancies in a recently published randomized trial.

Study Design: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial was performed. In total, 500 women with sacroiliac dysfunction diagnosed in pregnancy were randomized into a study group (who received expert advice about therapeutic exercise) and a control group (who continued with their normal lifestyle habits).

What is known and what remains unresolved regarding gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become a major public health issue and one of the most discussed topics in contemporary obstetrics. Due to rising prevalence of GDM worldwide impact and importance of this medical condition in good quality antenatal care is growing. GDM is associated with serious adverse perinatal outcomes and unfavorable long-term health consequences for both, mother and her child.

Expert advice about therapeutic exercise during pregnancy reduces the symptoms of sacroiliac dysfunction.

Objectives There are growing evidence that exercise improves sacroiliac dysfunction symptoms in pregnant women; but no data about the effect of expert advice regarding this matter. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of expert advice about therapeutic exercise on sacroiliac dysfunction in pregnancy. Methods A total of 500 women with sacroiliac dysfunction diagnosed in pregnancy were randomized in study and control group.

Alternative and complementary therapies in osteoarthritis and cartilage repair.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint condition and, with a burgeoning ageing population, is due to increase in prevalence. Beyond conventional medical and surgical interventions, there are an increasing number of 'alternative' therapies. These alternative therapies may have a limited evidence base and, for this reason, are often only afforded brief reference (or completely excluded) from current OA guidelines.

Prevalence and impact of pre-pregnancy body mass index on pregnancy outcome: a cross-sectional study in Croatia.

The aim of this study was to determine the association of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy outcome among pregnant women in Croatia. Women who gave birth in Croatia in 2017 were categorised into four groups according to pre-pregnancy BMI and analysed regarding maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes. Among 32,051 pregnant women, 5.

Balancing benefits and risks in the era of biologics.

Biologics are substances synthetized from biological sources used in the prevention and treatment of several diseases. Rheumatologists have many years of experience with biologics for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases and osteoporosis. Randomized clinical trials and postmarketing studies have demonstrated that treatment with biologics can result, albeit infrequently, in serious adverse events.

Algorithm for the Use of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in the Diagnosis, Assessment and Follow-Up of Treatment for Osteoporosis.

Introduction: Increased biochemical bone turnover markers (BTMs) measured in serum are associated with bone loss, increased fracture risk and poor treatment adherence, but their role in clinical practice is presently unclear. The aim of this consensus group report is to provide guidance to clinicians on how to use BTMs in patient evaluation in postmenopausal osteoporosis, in fracture risk prediction and in the monitoring of treatment efficacy and adherence to osteoporosis medication.

Methods: A working group with clinical scientists and osteoporosis specialists was invited by the Scientific Advisory Board of European Society on Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO).

Radiofrequency echographic multi-spectrometry for the in-vivo assessment of bone strength: state of the art-outcomes of an expert consensus meeting organized by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO).

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to review the available approaches for bone strength assessment, osteoporosis diagnosis and fracture risk prediction, and to provide insights into radiofrequency echographic multi spectrometry (REMS), a non-ionizing axial skeleton technique.

Methods: A working group convened by the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis met to review the current image-based methods for bone strength assessment and fracture risk estimation, and to discuss the clinical perspectives of REMS.

Results: Areal bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the consolidated indicator for osteoporosis diagnosis and fracture risk assessment.

Incidence, pain, and mobility assessment of pregnant women with sacroiliac dysfunction.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of sacroiliac dysfunction in pregnancy and assess its progress during the course of the pregnancy.

Methods: The present prospective cohort study, performed between April 1, 2013, and May 31, 2016, enrolled primigravidae aged 25-35 years before 13 weeks of pregnancies who were experiencing back pain and did not have prior symptoms of sacroiliac dysfunction. Participants attended regular follow-up over 6 months and clinical functional tests were used to diagnose sacroiliac dysfunction.

Prevalence of diabetes five years after having gestational diabetes during pregnancy - Croatian national study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes among women 5 years after having gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Also, we sought to determine whether women who develop diabetes after GD during pregnancy differ from women who do not develop diabetes after GD during pregnancy.

Methods: This longitudinal study was performed using data from medical birth certificates and CroDiab diabetes registry.

Impact of the Implementation of New WHO Diagnostic Criteria for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Prevalence and Perinatal Outcomes: A Population-Based Study.

. To determine the impact of the implementation of new WHO diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on prevalence, predictors, and perinatal outcomes in Croatian population. .