Ribosome-Associated Vesicles promote activity-dependent local translation.

Local protein synthesis in axons and dendrites underpins synaptic plasticity. However, the composition of the protein synthesis machinery in distal neuronal processes and the mechanisms for its activity-driven deployment to local translation sites remain unclear. Here, we employed cryo-electron tomography, volume electron microscopy, and live-cell imaging to identify Ribosome-Associated Vesicles (RAVs) as a dynamic platform for moving ribosomes to distal processes.

Photothermal Excitation of Neurons Using MXene: Cellular Stress and Phototoxicity Evaluation.

Understanding the communication of individual neurons necessitates precise control of neural activity. Photothermal modulation is a remote and non-genetic technique to control neural activity with high spatiotemporal resolution. The local heat release by photothermally active nanomaterial will change the membrane properties of the interfaced neurons during light illumination.

The mRNA levels of TGF-β Type II receptor splice variants in monocytes are associated with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objectives: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, TGF-β exerts a singular effect on lymphocytes, macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Moreover, evidences indicate that TGF-β1 stimulation affects the expression levels of TGF-β receptors. Therefore, we analysed in different leukocyte subpopulations, whether the mRNA abundance of TGFBR2 splice variants might be related to RA.