Microbial Growth Inhibition Effect, Polyphenolic Profile, and Antioxidative Capacity of Plant Powders in Minced Pork and Beef.

Consumer interest in healthier meat products has grown in recent years. Therefore, the use of plant powders as natural preservatives in the composition of pork and beef products could be an alternative to traditional meat products. This study aimed to assess the effect of different powders, such as blackcurrant, chokeberry, rowan berries, apple, tomato, garlic, and rhubarb, on the microbial growth dynamics in minced pork and beef during refrigerated storage.

Adenosine Triphosphate and Adenylate Energy Charge in Ready-to-Eat Food.

It is commonly accepted that dietary nucleotides should be considered as essential nutrients originating mainly but not exclusively from meat and fish dishes. Most research in food science related to nutrition nucleotides is focused on raw products, while the effects of thermal processing of ready-to-eat food on nucleotide content are largely overlooked by the scientific community. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of thermal processing and cold storage on the content of dietary nucleotides in freshly prepared and canned ready-to-eat meat and fish food.

Harnessing Nature's Defence: The Antimicrobial Efficacy of Pasteurised Cattle Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on ATCC 25923.

Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) challenges conventional antibiotics, prompting the search for alternatives. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from pasteurised cattle milk offer promise, due to their unique properties. This study investigates their efficacy against five pathogenic bacteria, including ATCC 25923, aiming to combat AMR and to develop new therapies.

In Vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidative Activity and Polyphenolic Profile of the Extracts of Chokeberry, Blackcurrant, and Rowan Berries and Their Pomaces.

The chemical composition of berries and berry pomaces is diverse, containing polyphenolic components that may have both antibacterial and antioxidative properties. In the present study, in vitro antibacterial effect of the extracts of chokeberry, blackcurrant, and rowan berries and berry pomaces against , , , and was studied. In addition, the polyphenolic profile and antioxidant activity of these extracts were investigated.

The Effect of Fruit and Berry Pomaces on the Growth Dynamics of Microorganisms and Sensory Properties of Marinated Rainbow Trout.

Plant pomaces in suitable forms (powders, extracts) can be used in foods of animal origin to increase the nutritional value and safety of these foods. In the present study, water extracts of apple, black currant, rhubarb and tomato pomaces were used in fish marinade solutions to evaluate their effect on the growth dynamics of microorganisms and the growth potential of by challenge testing. The results showed that mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, spp.

Antimicrobial Resistance of Isolated from Caecal Samples of Fattening Pigs at Slaughter.

Pigs are known as the main reservoirs. Campylobacteriosis, the most commonly reported gastrointestinal disease in humans, is mainly caused by the consumption of poultry meat, and little is known about the role of pork. Pigs are often associated with .

Antibiotic Resistance in spp. Isolated from Broiler Chicken Meat and Human Patients in Estonia.

Poultry meat is considered the most important source of spp. Because of rising antimicrobial resistance in spp., this study investigated the antimicrobial resistance of isolates from fresh broiler chicken meat originating from the Baltic countries sold in Estonian retail settings.

The prevalence, counts, and MLST genotypes of Campylobacter in poultry meat and genomic comparison with clinical isolates.

Since 2005 campylobacteriosis has been the most commonly reported gastrointestinal infection in humans in the European Union with more than 200,000 cases annually. Also Campylobacter is one of the most frequent cause of food-borne outbreaks with 319 outbreaks reported to EFSA, involving 1,254 cases of disease and 125 hospitalizations in EU in 2019. Importantly poultry meat is one of the most common source for the sporadic Campylobacter infections and for strong-evidence campylobacteriosis food-borne outbreaks in EU.

Prevalence and Serotype Diversity of in the Estonian Meat Production Chain in 2016-2020.

Background: represents a considerable public concern worldwide, with farm animals often recognised as an important reservoir. This study gives an overview of the prevalence and serotype diversity of over a 5-year period in the meat production chain in Estonia. Data on human salmonellosis over the same period are provided.

Retrospective Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing Expands the Multicountry Outbreak Cluster of ST1247.

sequence type 1247 clonal complex 8 caused a prolonged multicountry outbreak in five EU countries: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, and Sweden. A total of 22 disease cases were identified with onset of symptoms between July 2014 and February 2019. Five patients died due to, or with, the disease.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Multicountry Outbreak-Related Listeria monocytogenes Sequence Type 1247 Strain, VLTRLM2013.

We sequenced the genome of a multicountry outbreak-related sequence type 1247 strain (VLTRLM2013) that was isolated from a vacuum-packaged sliced salted salmon product of an Estonian fish-processing company that was obtained from an Estonian retail outlet in 2013.

The source attribution analysis revealed the prevalent role of poultry over cattle and wild birds in human campylobacteriosis cases in the Baltic States.

The reservoir and source of human campylobacteriosis is primarily considered to be poultry, but also other such as ruminants, pets and environmental sources are related with infection burden. Multilocus sequence typing is often used for Campylobacter epidemiological studies to determine potential sources of human infections. The collection of 420 Campylobacter jejuni isolates with assigned MLST genotype from poultry (n = 139), cattle (n = 48) and wild birds (n = 101) were used in source attribution analysis.

Nitrite and nitrate content in meat products and estimated nitrite intake by the Estonian children.

Public interest in nitrate and nitrite content reduction in meat products has increased; therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine nitrate and nitrite levels in commercial meat products as the main source of added nitrites, and to estimate their dietary intake by children. The intake of nitrite from processed meat products and drinking water by Estonian children was estimated. Daily intake estimations were based on the food consumption data of the National Institute for Health Development.

Composition and Antibacterial Effect of Mint Flavorings in Candies and Food Supplements.

Mint flavorings are widely used in confections, beverages, and dairy products. For the first time, mint flavoring composition of mint candies and food supplements (n = 45), originating from 16 countries, as well as their antibacterial properties, was analyzed. The flavorings were isolated by Marcusson's type micro-apparatus and analyzed by GC-MS.

Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Effects of Plant Powders in Raw and Cooked Minced Pork.

It is a challenge for scientists to find new plant-based food constituents simultaneously possessing antimicrobial and antioxidative properties to prolong the shelf life of meat products. In this study, various plant powders and their blends were added to minced pork to carry out a complex study of their effect on sensory characteristics, microbial growth, and lipid oxidation of the meat in raw and cooked forms during storage. Microbiological shelf life parameters were evaluated by determining the total counts of microorganisms, yeasts, and molds.

Prevalence and Numbers of Listeria monocytogenes in Various Ready-to-Eat Foods over a 5-Year Period in Estonia.

This study is a significant contribution to L. monocytogenes risk analysis. L.

Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing of closely related broiler chicken meat origin Campylobacter jejuni ST-5 isolates.

Broiler chicken meat is considered as the main source of foodborne Campylobacter infection. Campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence type ST-5 has been previously identified as predominant among Latvian and Lithuanian broiler chicken meat products and is often isolated from Lithuanian patients with Campylobacter enteric infection. The market share of Lithuanian and Latvian origin fresh broiler chicken meat sold at Estonian retail is estimated close to 50%.

Antibacterial and antioxidative properties of different parts of garden rhubarb, blackcurrant, chokeberry and blue honeysuckle.

Background: It is important to find plant materials that can inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and other food-spoiling bacteria both in vitro and in situ. The aim of the study was to compare antibacterial and antioxidative activity of selected plant-ethanol infusions: leaves and berries of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.), berries of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.

Antimicrobial resistance and multilocus sequence types of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from Baltic broiler chicken meat and Estonian human patients.

Genotypes of Campylobacter jejuni in Baltic fresh broiler chicken meat and in Estonian human origin samples were determined by using MLST. We observed associations between clonal complexes, sequence types, and antibiotic resistance of C. jejuni isolates.

Acrylamide in commercial foods and intake by infants in Estonia.

Acrylamide is formed when certain foods with low moisture are prepared at above 120 ºC, especially those foods containing asparagine and reducing sugars such as glucose and fructose. Acrylamide is a probable carcinogen, and from animal evidence the margins of exposure indicate a concern for neoplastic effects. On a body weight basis infants´ acrylamide intakes are often higher than those of adults.

Changes in Polyphenols Contents and Antioxidant Capacities of Organically and Conventionally Cultivated Tomato Fruits during Ripening.

Polyphenols of fruits and vegetables form an important part of human dietary compounds. Relatively little is known about accumulation of phenolics during fruits ripening process. The goal of this work was to study the changes in antioxidant activity and in content of 30 polyphenols during ripening of tomato fruits.

Monomorphic genotypes within a generalist lineage of show signs of global dispersion.

The decreased costs of genome sequencing have increased the capability to apply whole-genome sequencing to epidemiological surveillance of zoonotic However, knowledge of the genetic diversity of this bacteria is vital for inferring relatedness between epidemiologically linked isolates and a necessary prerequisite for correct application of this methodology. To address this issue in we investigated the spatial and temporal signals in the genomes of a major clonal complex and generalist lineage, ST-45 CC, by analysing the population structure and genealogy as well as applying genome-wide association analysis of 340 isolates from across Europe collected over a wide time range. The occurrence and strength of the geographical signal varied between sublineages and followed the clonal frame when present, while no evidence of a temporal signal was found.

Phenogenotypic Characterization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strains Isolated from Cattle at Slaughter.

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 was isolated from 30 (4%) of 744 cattle hide swab samples collected at Estonian slaughterhouses within a 3-year monitoring program of zoonotic pathogens. The isolates were characterized by determining the presence of STEC main virulence factors, the antimicrobial resistance profiles, and the genetic relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Thirteen strains carried the stx2 gene alone and 17 both the stx1 and stx2 genes.

Comparative study of microbiological, chemical and sensory properties of kefirs produced in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

In the current study the microbiological, sensory and chemical properties of 24 kefirs (12 producers) from Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian retail market were determined using gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-MS/MS-Q-TOF and LC-ion trap MS/MS), spectrophotometry and other methods. Antihypertensive, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting, antioxidant and antibacterial peptides were found in the kefir samples. According to the results of principal component analysis of 200 most abundant compounds obtained with HPLC-MS/MS-Q-TOF analysis, Estonian kefirs differed from the rest.

Three-year comparative study of polyphenol contents and antioxidant capacities in fruits of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars grown under organic and conventional conditions.

In the present study, four tomato cultivars were grown under organic and conventional conditions in separate unheated greenhouses in three consecutive years. The objective was to assess the influence of the cultivation system on the content of individual polyphenols, total phenolics, and antioxidant capacity of tomatoes. The fruits were analyzed for total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteau method and antioxidant capacity by the DPPH free radical scavenging assay.