Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for a Giant Parasellar Epidermoid Cyst.

Epidermoid cysts are rare lesions which typically grow slowly. For this reason, these lesions are usually discovered when they are already very large. The parasellar location is no exception to this rule and may involve the cavernous sinus or the Meckel cave.

Malleostapedotomy for otosclerosis, our experience of nitinol piston on twelve patients.

Objective: Malleostapedotomy allows to completely by-pass the incus in otosclerosis surgery. Recently its use has been rivaled by hydroxyapatite cement for cases of mild and moderate necrosis of the incus. However, it remains gold standard for cases of extensive necrosis, incus dislocation, or epitympanic fixation.

Tophaceous gout of the middle ear.

We present a very rare case of tophaceous gout of the middle ear causing conductive hearing loss, with special emphasis on Computed Tomography presentation.

Olfactory Neuroblastoma.

Olfactory neuroblastoma is a rare tumor. Nasal endoscopy typically identifies a soft mass arising from the olfactory cleft. Computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are mandatory for staging (in association with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography) in high-grade and/or high-stage tumors.

Cartilage Ossiculoplasty from Stapes to Tympanic Membrane in One-Stage Intact Canal Wall Tympanoplasty for Cholesteatoma.

Objective: To report hearing results of cartilage interposition ossiculoplasty in one-stage intact canal wall (ICW) tympanoplasty for cholesteatoma with intact stapes.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of pre and postoperative hearing status was conducted at a tertiary referral otologic center in a series of 61 patients having undergone one-stage ICW tympanoplasty for cholesteatoma with intact stapes and cartilage ossiculoplasty during the same procedure.

Results: In the preoperative period, the mean air conduction thresholds (AC), air-bone gap (ABG), and speech reception thresholds (SRT) were 35.

Stimulation of the toll-like receptor 3 promotes metabolic reprogramming in head and neck carcinoma cells.

In this study, a possible link between the innate immune recognition receptor TLR3 and metabolic reprogramming in Head and Neck carcinoma (HNC) cells was investigated. The effects of TLR3 stimulation/knock-down were assessed under several culture conditions in 4 HNC cell-lines by cell growth assays, targeted metabolomics, and glycolysis assays based on time-resolved analysis of proton release (Seahorse analyzer). The stimulation of TLR3 by its synthetic agonist Poly(A:U) resulted in a faster growth of HNC cells under low foetal calf serum conditions.

How I do it. The pedicled temporoparietal fascia flap for skull base reconstruction after endonasal endoscopic approaches.

Background: Endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) are an alternative for removing challenging nasopharyngeal or skull base lesions. In some cases, a nasoseptal flap (NSF) is not always available and such complex procedures may lead to carotid arteries exposition and/or dura mater (DM) wide opening. Meticulous carotid coverage and DM reconstruction are crucial for preventing early and delayed complications.