Retinal Reflectivity Measurement for Cone Impairment Estimation and Visual Assessment After Diabetic Macular Edema Resolution (RECOVER-DME).

Purpose: Photoreceptor loss has been suspected of being involved in incomplete visual recovery after diabetic macular edema (DME) resolution. Recent studies have shown that cone density in the perifoveal area could be estimated by in vivo measurements of the outer retinal reflectivity on optical coherence tomography (OCT). The main objective of this study was to assess the photoreceptor layer reflectivity after DME resolution and to determine its relationship with final visual acuity (VA).

Quantitative analysis of photoreceptor layer reflectivity on en-face optical coherence tomography as an estimator of cone density.

Background: To investigate whether outer retinal reflectivity on en-face Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be considered as an estimator of cone density measured in the same area.

Methods: Forty-one points of comparisons were studied in 9 eyes (n = 6 patients) presenting maculopathies with various degrees of impairment of the photoreceptor layer. The inner segment ellipsoid zone (EZ), interdigitation zone (IZ), and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) reflectivity were measured on coronal reconstruction of the photoreceptor layer using homemade dedicated software (Matlab, MathWorks Inc.

Functional homogenization of flower visitor communities with urbanization.

Land-use intensification and resulting habitat loss are put forward as the main causes of flower visitor decline. However, the impact of urbanization, the prime driver of land-use intensification in Europe, is poorly studied. In particular, our understanding of whether and how it affects the composition and functioning of flower visitor assemblages is scant, yet required to cope with increasing urbanization worldwide.

Three-dimensional Printing of Optical Lenses and Ophthalmic Surgery: Challenges and Perspectives.

Purpose: To determine whether the historical Ridley lens could be reproduced with current three-dimensional lens printing technology.

Methods: A reproduction of the Ridley lens was printed using the Printoptical Technology (LUXeXceL Group BV, Kruiningen, Netherlands). Photographs and electron microscopy images were taken.

Reflectivity of the outer retina on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography as a predictor of photoreceptor cone density.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between outer retinal reflectivity on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and cone density in the corresponding area.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional observational study.

Methods: In this institutional-based study, 20 eyes of 10 patients presenting maculopathies with various degrees of impairment of the photoreceptor layer (central serous chorioretinopathy, chronic central serous chorioretinopathy, maculopathy associated with hydroxychloroquine, and healthy eyes) were studied.

Assessment of parafoveal cone density in patients taking hydroxychloroquine in the absence of clinically documented retinal toxicity.

Purpose: To measure cone density in patients taking hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), with no clinical evidence of maculopathy.

Methods: Patients visiting for HCQ macular toxicity screening in the Besançon University Hospital Ophthalmology Department (France) were studied. They underwent routine examination including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence and multifocal electroretinogram to detect HCQ-induced retinal toxicity.

Reliability of cone counts using an adaptive optics retinal camera.

Background: To assess the reproducibility and repeatability of cone imaging in healthy human eyes, using the RTx-1 Adaptive Optics Retinal Camera and its proprietary cone-counting software.

Design: Single-centre, prospective study.

Participants: Ten healthy adults.

The whereabouts of flower visitors: contrasting land-use preferences revealed by a country-wide survey based on citizen science.

Background: In the past decade, accumulating evidence of pollinator decline has raised concerns regarding the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems and the sustainability of crop production. Although land-use changes have been advanced as the major causes, the affinities of most wild pollinators with the main land-use types remain unknown. Filling this gap in our knowledge is a prerequisite to improving conservation and management programmes.