Fructose restriction has beneficial effects on adipose tissue distribution but not on serum adipokine levels: Post-hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

We aimed to examine the effects of isocaloric fructose restriction on adipose tissue distribution and serum adipokines. Individuals with BMI >28 kg/m (n = 44) followed a 6-week fructose-restricted diet and were randomly allocated to (double-blind) oral supplementation with fructose (control) or glucose (intervention) powder three times daily. Visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue was quantified with MRI.

Type II Muscle Fiber Capillarization Is an Important Determinant of Post-Exercise Microvascular Perfusion in Older Adults.

Introduction: Microvascular perfusion is essential for post-exercise skeletal muscle recovery to ensure adequate delivery of nutrients and growth factors. This study assessed the relationship between various indices of muscle fiber capillarization and microvascular perfusion assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) at rest and during recovery from a bout of resistance exercise in older adults.

Methods: Sixteen older adults (72 ± 6 y, 5/11 male/female) participated in an experimental test day during which a muscle biopsy was collected from the vastus lateralis and microvascular perfusion was determined by CEUS at rest and at 10 and 40 min following a bout of resistance exercise.

Pyridoxamine reduces methylglyoxal and markers of glycation and endothelial dysfunction, but does not improve insulin sensitivity or vascular function in abdominally obese individuals: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Aim: To investigate the effects of pyridoxamine (PM), a B6 vitamer and dicarbonyl scavenger, on glycation and a large panel of metabolic and vascular measurements in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial in abdominally obese individuals.

Materials And Methods: Individuals (54% female; mean age 50 years; mean body mass index 32 kg/m ) were randomized to an 8-week intervention with either placebo (n = 36), 25 mg PM (n = 36) or 200 mg PM (n = 36). We assessed insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, insulin-mediated microvascular recruitment, skin microvascular function, flow-mediated dilation, and plasma inflammation and endothelial function markers.

Quantification of the B6 vitamers in human plasma and urine in a study with pyridoxamine as an oral supplement; pyridoxamine as an alternative for pyridoxine.

Background And Aims: Vitamin B6 is involved in a large spectrum of physiological processes and comprises of the vitamers pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), and their phosphorylated derivatives including the biological active pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). While PN toxicity is known to complicate several treatments, PM has shown promise in relation to the treatment of metabolic and age-related diseases by blocking oxidative degradation and scavenging toxic dicarbonyl compounds and reactive oxygen species. We aimed to assess the metabolization of oral PM supplements in a single and three daily dose.

Diet-induced weight loss reduces postprandial dicarbonyl stress in abdominally obese men: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Aims: Dicarbonyl compounds contribute to the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and the development of insulin resistance and vascular complications. Dicarbonyl stress may already be detrimental in obesity. We evaluated whether diet-induced weight loss can effectively reverse dicarbonyl stress in abdominally obese men.

Effects of fructose restriction on liver steatosis (FRUITLESS); a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: There is an ongoing debate on whether fructose plays a role in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of fructose restriction on intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content in a double-blind randomized controlled trial using an isocaloric comparator.

Methods: Between March 2017 and October 2019, 44 adult overweight individuals with a fatty liver index ≥ 60 consumed a 6-wk fructose-restricted diet (<7.

Physical activity and markers of glycation in older individuals: data from a combined cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial (EXAMIN AGE).

Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are protein modifications that are predominantly formed from dicarbonyl compounds that arise from glucose and lipid metabolism. AGEs and sedentary behavior have been identified as a driver of accelerated (vascular) aging. The effect of physical activity on AGE accumulation is unknown.

Quercetin, but Not Epicatechin, Decreases Plasma Concentrations of Methylglyoxal in Adults in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial with Pure Flavonoids.

Background: Methylglyoxal (MGO) is the most potent precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). MGO and AGEs have been associated with diabetes, its complications, and other age-related diseases. Experimental studies have shown that the flavonoids quercetin and epicatechin are able to scavenge MGO and lower AGE formation.