Automatic segmentation and quantified analysis of meibomian glands from infrared images.

Purpose: An algorithm for automated segmentation of meibomian glands from infrared images obtained using a novel prototype infrared hand-held imager has been proposed in this study. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is quantified in terms of five clinically relevant metrics. A comparison of these metrics in patients with MGD has been presented against a sample of the normative healthy population.

Pupillodynamics and corneal spherical aberrations in a set of Indian cataract patients and its implications for aberrometric customisation of intraocular lenses.

Purpose: Assessment of pupil diameter in various light conditions and the corresponding corneal spherical aberrations in a cohort of Indian eyes with bilateral senile cataracts and the possible use of this data in aberrometric customization of intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Methods: In this prospective observational study done at a tertiary eye care centre in India, the selected patients were subjected to measurement of their pupil diameters in scotopic, mesopic, and photopic conditions as well as the corresponding corneal spherical aberrations, using the Sirius Topographer (Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Florence, Italy). Shapiro-Wilk test, Independent t-test, ANOVA with Bonferroni correction on post-hoc testing were used for statistical analysis.

Foveal Layer Morphology Detected on Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and its Correlation with Visual Acuity in Asian Indian Premature Infants in their First Year of Life.

Purpose: To report foveal microanatomy imaged on handheld spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and correlate it with visual acuity in Asian Indian premature infants.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 32 Asian Indian premature infants, 10 with Type 2 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), were imaged between 3 and 12 months of corrected postmenstrual age (PMA) on the handheld SDOCT (Envisu 2300, Bioptigen, DNC, USA). The foveal findings on these images were correlated with visual acuity measured using Teller acuity cards.

Outcomes of a Management Strategy in Eyes with Corneal Irregularity and Cataract.

Purpose. To evaluate the outcomes of a management strategy in patients with irregular corneas and cataract. Methods.

Scleral fixation of a foldable intraocular lens with polytetrafluoroethylene sutures through a Hoffman pocket.

Unlabelled: Scleral fixation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) is traditionally performed after conjunctival dissection and preparation of scleral flaps. The Hoffman pocket technique creates scleral pockets without conjunctival dissection. We describe a technique that uses a Hoffman pocket and 7-0 polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) sutures for scleral fixation of a foldable posterior chamber IOL in patients with insufficient capsule support.

Intra-Operative Cap Repositioning in Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) for Enhanced Visual Recovery.

Purpose: To study the role of intra-operative cap repositioning in acute visual recovery after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four eyes of 47 patients underwent the SMILE procedure for correction of myopic refractive error. Manifest refraction and visual quality parameters (optical quality analysis system) were evaluated before surgery.

Microscope Integrated Intraoperative Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography for Cataract Surgery: Uses and Applications.

Aim: To demonstrate the uses and applications of a microscope integrated intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography in Micro Incision Cataract Surgery (MICS) and Femtosecond Laser Assisted Cataract Surgery (FLACS).

Methods: Intraoperative real time imaging using the RESCAN™ 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany) was done for patients undergoing MICS as well as FLACS. The OCT videos were reviewed at each step of the procedure and the findings were noted and analyzed.

Accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric patients: two-year follow-up results.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (ACXL) in patients below 14 years of age with progressive keratoconus.

Materials And Methods: Thirty eyes of 18 patients with established progressive keratoconus underwent preoperative and postoperative visual acuity assessment, topography, and specular microscopy prior to ACXL and were followed up for 24 months.

Results: Mean age of the patients was 12.

Repeatability and agreement of three Scheimpflug-based imaging systems for measuring anterior segment parameters in keratoconus.

Purpose: To assess the repeatability and agreement of three rotating Scheimpflug cameras, Pentacam, Galilei, and Sirius, in measuring the mean keratometry (Km), thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and mean posterior keratometry (pKm) in keratoconus patients in a prospective study.

Methods: Fifty-five eyes of 55 patients with keratoconus underwent three consecutive scans on each machine, performed by a single operator. Within-subject standard deviation (Sw), test-retest repeatability (TRT), and coefficient of variation (COV) for assessing repeatability and Bland-Altman plots for the agreement between the mean measurements of each machine were examined.

Toric implantable collamer lens for keratoconus.

Keratoconus is a progressive non-inflammatory thinning of the cornea that induces myopia and irregular astigmatism and decreases the quality of vision due to monocular diplopia, halos, or ghost images. Keratoconus patients unfit for corneal procedures and intolerant to refractive correction by spectacles or contact lenses have been implanted toric posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (PC pIOLs) alone or combined with other surgical procedures to correct the refractive errors associated with keratoconus as an off label procedure with special informed consent from the patients. Several reports attest to the safety and efficacy of the procedure, though the associated corneal higher order aberrations would have an impact on the final visual quality.

Keratoconus: a biomechanical perspective on loss of corneal stiffness.

Keratoconus (KC) is progressive disease of corneal thinning, steepening and collagen degradation. Biomechanics of the cornea is maintained by the intricate collagen network, which is responsible for its unique shape and function. With the disruption of this collagen network, the cornea loses its shape and function, resulting in progressive visual degradation.

Lens fiber orientation during phaco chop: clinical sign to identify appropriate nucleus depth.

Unlabelled: Phaco chop is the preferred technique for many phaco surgeons. A critical step in chopping is the surgeon's ability to impale the nucleus in the middle of the core endonucleus, which can be challenging. We describe a clinical sign in the phaco chop technique to help surgeons identify the center of the endonucleus without estimating the nucleus thickness.