Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenamases in Escherichia coli isolated from humans and livestock in rural south-western Uganda.

Background: The accumulation of resistance genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains imposes limitations in the therapeutic options available for the treatment of infections caused by E.coli.

Allele distribution and phenotypic resistance to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin among extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolated from the urine, stool, animals, and environments of patients with presumptive urinary tract infection in Tanzania.

Background: Additional antimicrobial resistance to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing exhausts treatment options. We investigated allele distribution and resistance to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin among ESBL-producing isolates from the urine, stool, animals, and environments of presumptive urinary tract infection (UTI) patients, in order to gain a crucial insight toward devising prevention and control measures and treatment guidelines.

Methods: Archived ESBL-producing isolates from the urine, stool, animals, and surrounding environments of presumptive UTI patients were retrieved.

Comparison of Horizontal Gene Transfer via Conjugation among Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases Producing Isolates from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection, Their Animals, and Environment.

Background: The dissemination of the extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing . poses a significant public health problem. Understanding the efficiency and frequency of horizontal gene transfer via conjugation of ESBL producing .

Urogenital pathogens in urine samples of clinically diagnosed urinary tract infected patients in Tanzania: A laboratory based cross-sectional study.

Background: Urogenital pathogens such as and have been reported to cause pyuria, however they are not routinely cultured from urine samples of patients clinically diagnosed to have urinary tract infections (UTI). In this study, pathogen specific PCR was done to identify the urogenital pathogens in the urine samples among clinically diagnosed UTI patients with negative routine urine culture.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 227 archived urine samples from clinically diagnosed UTI patients with positive leucocyte esterase but negative urine culture results.

Molecular Characterizations of the Coagulase-Negative Species Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Tanzania: A Laboratory-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: There is a growing body of evidence on the potential involvement of coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) in causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). The aim of this study was to delineate virulence potential, antimicrobial resistance genes, and sequence types of CoNS isolated from patients with UTI symptoms and pyuria in Tanzania.

Methods: CoNS from patients with UTI symptoms and more than 125 leucocytes/μL were retrieved, subcultured, and whole-genome sequenced.

High rates of homologous recombination in the mite endosymbiont and opportunistic human pathogen Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Orientia tsutsugamushi is an intracellular alpha-proteobacterium which resides in trombiculid mites, and is the causative agent of scrub typhus in East Asia. The genome sequence of this species has revealed an unprecedented number of repeat sequences, most notably of the genes encoding the conjugative properties of a type IV secretion system (T4SS). Although this observation is consistent with frequent intragenomic recombination, the extent of homologous recombination (gene conversion) in this species is unknown.

Complete sequence and organization of pBtoxis, the toxin-coding plasmid of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.

The entire 127,923-bp sequence of the toxin-encoding plasmid pBtoxis from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is presented and analyzed. In addition to the four known Cry and two known Cyt toxins, a third Cyt-type sequence was found with an additional C-terminal domain previously unseen in such proteins.