Vaginal Misoprostol Pharmacokinetic Changes in Obese Parturient Women Who Presented Labor Induction Failure.

Clinical experience shows an increased duration of labor in obese parturient women. It is unclear if this population should receive the same dose of vaginal misoprostol for induction of labor as non-obese parturient women. We investigate the influence of obesity on the pharmacokinetics and placental transfer of the metabolite misoprostol acid in parturient women.

Liver Fibrosis Stages Affect Organic Cation Transporter 1/2 Activities in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of liver fibrosis stages of chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) on the in vivo activity of organic cation transporters (hepatic OCT1 and renal OCT2) using metformin (MET) as a probe drug. Participants allocated in Group 1 ( = 15, mild to moderate liver fibrosis) or 2 ( = 13, advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis) received a single MET 50 mg oral dose before direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drug treatment (Phase 1) and 30 days after achieving sustained virologic response (Phase 2). OCT1/2 activity (MET AUC) was found to be reduced by 25% when comparing the two groups in Phase 2 (ratio 0.

Total, Unbound, Renal, and Hepatic Clearances of Raltegravir and the Formation and Elimination Clearances of Raltegravir Glucuronide in Pregnant Women.

This work aimed to evaluate the total, unbound, renal, and hepatic clearances of raltegravir (RAL) and the formation and elimination clearances of raltegravir glucuronide (RAL GLU) in pregnant women living with HIV. The participants received RAL 400 mg twice daily during the third trimester (n = 15) of gestation, delivery (n = 15), and the postpartum period (n = 8). Pharmacokinetic parameter values were calculated on the basis of plasma and urine data using noncompartmental methods.

Optimizing Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Pregnant Women: A Critical Literature Review.

Background: More than 90% of pregnant women take at least one drug during pregnancy. Drug dose adjustments during pregnancy are sometimes necessary due to various pregnancy-induced physiological alterations frequently associated with lower plasma concentrations. However, the clinical relevance or benefits of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in pregnant women have not been specifically studied.