At-home, telehealth-supported ketamine treatment for depression: Findings from longitudinal, machine learning and symptom network analysis of real-world data.

Background: Improving safe and effective access to ketamine therapy is of high priority given the growing burden of mental illness. Telehealth-supported administration of sublingual ketamine is being explored toward this goal.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, moderately-to-severely depressed patients received four doses of ketamine at home over four weeks within a supportive digital health context.

Double-Blind Comparison of the Two Hallucinogens Dextromethorphan and Psilocybin: Experience-Dependent and Enduring Psychological Effects in Healthy Volunteers.

Rationale: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated dissociatives and serotonergic hallucinogens are being increasingly used in therapeutic interventions that involve nonordinary states of consciousness and may represent a unique mental health paradigm wherein pharmacologically induced experiences are conducive to psychological well-being.

Objective: The aim of this study was to further understand how the phenomenological and health-promoting effects of high-dose dextromethorphan (DXM) compared to psilocybin in the same participants when administered under experimental conditions that are typical of therapeutic psychedelic trials.

Methods: Single, acute oral doses of DXM (400 mg/70 kg), psilocybin (10, 20, 30 mg/70 kg), and inactive placebo were administered under double-blind and psychologically supportive conditions to 20 healthy participants with histories of hallucinogen use.

Naturalistic psilocybin use is associated with persisting improvements in mental health and wellbeing: results from a prospective, longitudinal survey.

Introduction: The classic psychedelic psilocybin, found in some mushroom species, has received renewed interest in clinical research, showing potential mental health benefits in preliminary trials. Naturalistic use of psilocybin outside of research settings has increased in recent years, though data on the public health impact of such use remain limited.

Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study comprised six sequential automated web-based surveys that collected data from adults planning to take psilocybin outside clinical research: at time of consent, 2 weeks before, the day before, 1-3 days after, 2-4 weeks after, and 2-3 months after psilocybin use.

activity of cefiderocol against comparators (ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftazidime-avibactam/ aztreonam combination, and colistin) against clinical isolates of meropenem-resistant from India.

Cefiderocol (FDC), a novel siderophore drug, is active against Gram-negative bacteria producing carbapenemases, including metallo-beta-lactamases. The objective of this study is to compare the activity of FDC with ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), CZA/aztreonam (AT) combination, and colistin (CST), in clinical isolates of meropenem-resistant (MER-R) . From the 2,052 clinical specimens submitted for culture testing, 245 .

Reconsidering "dissociation" as a predictor of antidepressant efficacy for esketamine.

Rationale: The relationship between subjective drug experience and antidepressant outcomes for ketamine derivatives is poorly understood but of high clinical relevance. Esketamine is the patented (S)-enantiomer of ketamine and has regulatory approval for psychiatric applications.

Objectives: We examined the relationship between acute dissociation, as measured by the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS), and antidepressant efficacy, as measured by the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), for esketamine across the 4-week induction phase of treatment.

Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AST) Practices in India: Need for a National AST Forum.

Background Accurate interpretation of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) is one of the most crucial functions of the microbiology laboratory. However, its performance depends on a number of critical factors. We conducted a status survey to understand the existing practices in Indian laboratories that have a potential to influence performance of AST.

Clinical features and risk factors for death in acute undifferentiated fever: A prospective observational study in rural community hospitals in six states of India.

Background: Acute undifferentiated fever (AUF) ranges from self-limiting illness to life-threatening infections, such as sepsis, malaria, dengue, leptospirosis and rickettsioses. Similar clinical presentation challenges the clinical management. This study describes risk factors for death in patients hospitalized with AUF in India.

Mapping consent practices for outpatient psychiatric use of ketamine.

Background: Given increasing community-based and off-label use of ketamine for psychiatric indications, we examined current informed consent processes from a convenience sample of outpatient ketamine clinics to identify areas of congruence with current evidence and opportunities for growth.

Methods: Using a rubric developed from existing practice guidelines, we conducted an exploratory analysis of informed consent documents (IC-Docs) from 23 American clinics offering ketamine as a psychiatric treatment. Domains assessed included clinical content, procedures, and syntax.

Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention on Usage of Antibiotics in Coronavirus Disease-2019 at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in India.

Background: There was evidence that antibiotic usage increased in hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the early days of the pandemic.

Objective: We assessed the impact of stewardship interventions on antibiotic usage in these patients.

Methods: We designed a quasi-experimental study using an interrupted time series.

Extent of knowledge and attitudes on plagiarism among undergraduate medical students in South India - a multicentre, cross-sectional study to determine the need for incorporating research ethics in medical undergraduate curriculum.

Background: Undergraduate medical students in India participate in various research activities However, plagiarism is rampant, and we hypothesize that it is the lack of knowledge on how to avoid plagiarism. This study's objective was to measure the extent of knowledge and attitudes towards plagiarism among undergraduate medical students in India.

Methods: It was a multicentre, cross-sectional study conducted over a two-year period (January 2018 - December 2019).

A Qualitative Inquiry of Parents' Observations of Their Children's Mental Health Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Given that children and adolescents are at critical periods of development, they may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a descriptive phenomenological approach, 71 parents' observations of their child's mental health difficulties were explored. Parents sought out treatment because their children were experiencing significant distress.

Toward Synergies of Ketamine and Psychotherapy.

Ketamine is a dissociative drug that has been used medically since the 1970s primarily as an anesthetic agent but also for various psychiatric applications. Anecdotal reports and clinical research suggest substantial potential for ketamine as a treatment in conjunction with psychological interventions. Here, we review historical and modern approaches to the use of ketamine with psychotherapy, discuss the clinical relevance of ketamine's acute psychoactive effects, propose a unique model for using esketamine (one isomeric form of ketamine) with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), and suggest considerations for moving medication-assisted psychotherapy forward as a field.

Estimates of Sepsis Prevalence and Outcomes in Adult Patients in the ICU in India: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Sepsis is a global health problem. Limited data exist on the prevalence of sepsis using current definitions in ICUs in India.

Research Question: In adult patients admitted to ICUs in India, what is the prevalence of sepsis using the previous (Second International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock [Sepsis-2]) and current (Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock [Sepsis-3]) definitions?

Study Design And Methods: Prospective, observational, multicentre, 1-day, cross-sectional study.

Brief, parent-led, transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral teletherapy for youth with emotional problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased stress, anxiety, and depression in children. A six-session, parent-led, transdiagnostic, cognitive-behavioral teletherapy program was adapted from an established protocol to help youth aged between 5 and 13 years manage emotional problems during the pandemic.

Methods: One-hundred twenty-nine parents of youth struggling with emotional problems during the COVID-19 pandemic participated in the program.

Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been causally linked to a subset of oropharyngeal cancers in Western populations, and both oropharyngeal cancer and oral HPV infection are increased among HIV-positive individuals. India has high incidences of oral and oropharyngeal cancers, and Indian HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) may be at increased risk of developing oropharyngeal cancers. However, there is little information available on the prevalence of oral HPV in this population.

Risk Factors for Stroke in Rural Population of Telangana State of India, an Unmatched Case Control Study.

 Stroke tops the list of causes for acquired disability among adults and is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Evidence from developed countries indicate significant decline in stroke incidence and mortality, attributable to prevention of risk factors in general population. There is limited evidence on risk factors for stroke in rural India.

Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for obsessive compulsive disorder.

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric disorder that can be chronic and debilitating if not properly treated. Current first-line treatments for OCD include cognitive-behavioral therapy with exposure and response prevention and serotonin uptake inhibitor medications; however, these therapies are not effective for all individuals.

Areas Covered: Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) has been hypothesized to be an effective alternative for individuals with treatment-resistant OCD.

The relationship between subjective effects induced by a single dose of ketamine and treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder: A systematic review.

Objective: The relationship between ketamine's hallucinogenic- and dissociative-type effects and antidepressant mechanism of action is poorly understood. This paper reviewed the correlation between subjective effects defined by various psychometric scales and observed clinical outcomes in the treatment of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

Methods: Based on PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed the dissociative and psychotomimetic mental state induced with ketamine during MDD treatment.

Prospective 1-year follow-up study of all cured, new sputum smear positive tuberculosis patients under the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program in Hyderabad, Telangana State, India.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of mortality in India. The Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) is a robust public health system to deal with TB in India. Unless the treated patient comes back to the system with signs and symptoms of TB due to relapse or re-infection, there is no mechanism of follow-up or any method to know the relapse rate in the population.

Recovery from impaired working memory performance during chronic Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol administration to adolescent rhesus monkeys.

Background: The relationship between adolescent cannabis use and susceptibility to persistent cognitive impairments is poorly understood.

Aims: We examined the effects of repeated exposure to Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on reinforcement-related learning and performance of spatial working memory (WM) tasks of varying difficulty in adolescent monkeys.

Methods: Seven pairs of male adolescent rhesus monkeys, matched for baseline cognitive performance, received vehicle or THC intravenously 5 days/week for 12 months.