MOG IgG antibody positivity from laboratory to clinical practice: A real world experience.

Background And Objectives: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) associated disease (MOGAD) is an antibody-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the CNS with varied presentations like optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis, and cortical encephalitis. This study aims to highlight the significance of low MOG IgG antibody positivity and its diagnostic implications in a real-world cohort.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, serum and CSF from suspected MOGAD cases were tested at a tertiary healthcare centre's Neuroimmunology Laboratory.

Clinical Manifestations of Anti-GABA-B Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Series.

Anti γ aminobutyric acid B(GABA B) receptor encephalitis is a rare form of autoimmune encephalitis. Our aim is to study the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of anti GABA B receptor encephalitis. This is a retrospective case series from the Neuroimmunology laboratory of Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India from 2016 to 2021.

Making target sites in large structured RNAs accessible to RNA-cleaving DNAzymes through hybridization with synthetic DNA oligonucleotides.

The 10-23 DNAzyme is one of the most active DNA-based enzymes, and in theory, can be designed to target any purine-pyrimidine junction within an RNA sequence for cleavage. However, purine-pyrimidine junctions within a large, structured RNA (lsRNA) molecule of biological origin are not always accessible to 10-23, negating its general utility as an RNA-cutting molecular scissor. Herein, we report a generalizable strategy that allows 10-23 to access any purine-pyrimidine junction within an lsRNA.

A high-quality genome assembly and annotation of Thielaviopsis punctulata DSM102798.

Black scorch disease (BSD), caused by the fungal pathogen Thielaviopsis punctulata (Tp) DSM102798, poses a significant threat to date palm cultivation in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, Chicago and Hi-C libraries were prepared as input for the Dovetail HiRise pipeline to scaffold the genome of Tp DSM102798. We generated an assembly with a total length of 28.

Bystander-application of a novel nasal swab optimized for drug delivery is safe and non-traumatic for the general population.

Objective: The PN Naloxone Nasal Swab (Pocket Naloxone Corp., Bethesda, MD) is a swab optimized for drug delivery and intended for use by non-medical personnel for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose. The aim of this study (PNC-20-003) is to determine the safety of this nasal swab in a real-world environment.

Neurological Manifestations of Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoimmunity in Indian Patients.

Objective: To study the neurological manifestations of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) autoimmunity in Indian patients.

Methods: Retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care referral hospital in South India. Patients who tested positive for GAD 65 antibodies from February 2013 to July 2019 were included.

Cerebrospinal fluid indices as predictors of treatment response in autoimmune encephalitis.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) indices reflecting intrathecal antibody production and blood-brain barrier impairment are not routinely assessed in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). We aimed to study CSF indices and their association with the prognosis of AE.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study conducted at Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi, India, included 60 patients aged more than 18 years with definite/probable/possible AE admitted to the Department of Neurology from August 2016 to November 2021.

Acute unilateral isolated ptosis as a complication of sinusitis in a post-COVID-19 patient.

A fit and well young man presented to our emergency department in the UK. On examination, he had an isolated left-sided ptosis; he had a 3-day history of frontal headache which was worse on head movement. He lacked any clinical signs of cranial, orbital, or preseptal infection, and his eye movements were normal.

The prevalence and clinical phenotype of dual seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders at a national reference center in South Asia.

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) is an autoimmune syndrome that is frequently positive for Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) IgG or Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoproteins (MOG) IgG. However, dual positivity to both is rare.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of dual-positive NMOSD and outline its clinical phenotype.

Crash Caesarean Delivery: How to Optimise Decision-to-Delivery Interval by Initiating a Novel Code? A Clinical Audit.

Background: Many resource-constrained centres fail to meet the international standard of 30 min of decision-to-delivery interval (DDI) of Category-1 crash caesarean deliveries. However, specific scenarios like acute foetal bradycardia and antepartum haemorrhage necessitate even faster interventions.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team developed a "CODE-10 Crash Caesarean" rapid response protocol to limit DDI to 15 min.

Determination of sensitivities and specificities of cerebrospinal fluid free light chains to diagnose multiple sclerosis- a multicentric case-control study.

Background: CSF free light chains help diagnose multiple sclerosis, but no data is available on the Asian population. Our objective was to study the diagnostic utility of CSF free light chains for diagnosing multiple sclerosis in Indian patients.

Methods: Prospective multicentric case-control study.

Detection of Large Genomic RNA via DNAzyme-Mediated RNA Cleavage and Rolling Circle Amplification: SARS-CoV-2 as a Model.

A new method for the detection of genomic RNA combines RNA cleavage by the 10-23 DNAzyme and use of the cleavage fragments as primers to initiate rolling circle amplification (RCA). 230 different 10-23 DNAzyme variants were screened to identify those that target accessible RNA sites within the highly structured RNA transcripts of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 28 DNAzymes were identified with >20 % cleavage, 5 with >40 % cleavage and one with >60 % in 10 min.

Rural Perspectives on Health Services for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth.

As the world grows more diverse, physicians and public health practitioners must become adept at providing care to everyone, including people who identify as transgender or gender diverse (TGD). Although this population is growing in all age demographics, there is a large increase in young TGD individuals who require pediatric health care providers to improve their practices. While a few comprehensive care clinics have been established to serve the TGD community, they are mostly located in urban areas.

Emotional Threat Perception and Its Association with Neurocognition in Social Anxiety Disorder.

Background: The negative appraisal of emotional stimuli is a feature of social anxiety disorder (SAD). People with SAD demonstrate deficits in neurocognitive performance while performing tasks of attention. However, the relationship between attentional control, working memory, and threat perception in SAD has not been studied well.

A Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Administration of Microscopic Dose Gold Nanoparticle (AuNP) on Knee Joint Health and Function in Arthritis Patients.

The purpose of this clinical study was to determine whether gold nanoparticle (AuNP) supplementation at a dosage of 0.34 mg elemental gold per day can improve knee joint health, function, and quality of life for arthritis patients. A total of 51 participants (24 male and 27 female, age 62.

Autoimmune parkinsonism with faciobrachiocrural dystonic seizures: a new phenotype of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) autoimmunity.

Extrapyramidal symptoms are seen in patients with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody-positive patients infrequently and this can be successfully treated with immunotherapy. This is a retrospective hospital-based study from 2013 to 2021 at a tertiary care referral hospital in South India. LGI1 antibody-positive cases with Faciobrachio-crural dystonic seizures [FBCDS] were identified by reviewing electronic medical records and Neuroimmunology laboratory register.

Entropy Optimization, Maxwell-Boltzmann, and Rayleigh Distributions.

In physics, communication theory, engineering, statistics, and other areas, one of the methods of deriving distributions is the optimization of an appropriate measure of entropy under relevant constraints. In this paper, it is shown that by optimizing a measure of entropy introduced by the second author, one can derive densities of univariate, multivariate, and matrix-variate distributions in the real, as well as complex, domain. Several such scalar, multivariate, and matrix-variate distributions are derived.

Effect of selectively knocking down key metabolic genes in Müller glia on photoreceptor health.

The importance of Müller glia for retinal homeostasis suggests that they may have vulnerabilities that lead to retinal disease. Here, we studied the effect of selectively knocking down key metabolic genes in Müller glia on photoreceptor health. Immunostaining indicated that murine Müller glia expressed insulin receptor (IR), hexokinase 2 (HK2) and phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) but very little pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha 1 (PDH-E1α) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A).

S100P as a marker for poor survival and advanced stage in gallbladder carcinoma.

Aims: Gallbladder carcinomas usually present in advanced stages and has a dismal prognosis despite modern imaging techniques and aggressive surgical intervention. Identification of biologic markers for early diagnosis and improved therapeutic strategies is thus of paramount importance. S100P has been identified in a variety of malignant neoplasms of the gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary systems, but it is not yet known if S100P expression is associated with clinically-relevant characteristics of gall bladder carcinoma.

Underwater Object Detection and Reconstruction Based on Active Single-Pixel Imaging and Super-Resolution Convolutional Neural Network.

Due to medium scattering, absorption, and complex light interactions, capturing objects from the underwater environment has always been a difficult task. Single-pixel imaging (SPI) is an efficient imaging approach that can obtain spatial object information under low-light conditions. In this paper, we propose a single-pixel object inspection system for the underwater environment based on compressive sensing super-resolution convolutional neural network (CS-SRCNN).