Oral drug delivery strategies for development of poorly water soluble drugs in paediatric patient population.

Selecting the appropriate formulation and solubility-enabling technology for poorly water soluble drugs is an essential element in the development of formulations for paediatric patients. Different methodologies and structured strategies are available to select a suitable approach and guide formulation scientists for development of adult formulations. However, there is paucity of available literature for selection of technology and overcoming the challenges in paediatric formulation development.

Deep recurrent Gaussian Nesterovs recommendation using multi-agent in social networks.

Due to increasing volume of big data the high volume of information in Social Network put a stop to users from acquiring serviceable information intelligently so many recommendation systems have emerged. Multi-agent Deep Learning gains rapid attraction, and the latest accomplishments address problems with real-world complexity. With big data precise recommendation has yet to be answered.

Devices for oral and respiratory paediatric medicines: What do healthcare professionals think?

Medical devices are crucial for the proper administration of paediatric medicines to children, but handling and dosing errors commonly appear in daily practice. As both the understanding and the usage of medical devices for oral and respiratory drug administration are heterogeneous among patients and caregivers, the European Paediatric Formulation Initiative (EuPFI) consortium performed a European survey among healthcare professional stakeholders in France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and UK. The results show country- and age-dependent usage of devices for oral administration of liquid formulations, with a clear preference for oral droppers and syringes in the neonatal phase and in early infancy.

Clinicopathological analysis of eyelid malignancies - A review of 85 cases.

Background: Resection of eyelid malignancies leads to complex reconstructive problems due to the functional and aesthetic importance of an eyelid. Hence, a large number of such cases are referred to plastic surgery facilities. Eyelid malignancies are of varied histological types and the western and Asian data have considerable variations in case distribution and presentation.

Intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution revealed by multiregion sequencing.

Background: Intratumor heterogeneity may foster tumor evolution and adaptation and hinder personalized-medicine strategies that depend on results from single tumor-biopsy samples.

Methods: To examine intratumor heterogeneity, we performed exome sequencing, chromosome aberration analysis, and ploidy profiling on multiple spatially separated samples obtained from primary renal carcinomas and associated metastatic sites. We characterized the consequences of intratumor heterogeneity using immunohistochemical analysis, mutation functional analysis, and profiling of messenger RNA expression.

The average Indian female nose.

Background: This study aimed to delineate the anthropometric measurements of the noses of young women of an Indian population and to compare them with the published ideals and average measurements for white women.

Methods: This anthropometric survey included a volunteer sample of 100 young Indian women ages 18 to 35 years with Indian parents and no history of previous surgery or trauma to the nose. Standardized frontal, lateral, oblique, and basal photographs of the subjects' noses were taken, and 12 standard anthropometric measurements of the nose were determined.

Effect of aging on the shape and position of the eyebrow in an Indian population.

Background: The eyebrow is one of the most important structures of the face from an aesthetic point of view. As age increases, the brow changes its shape and position. This age-related change decreases the vitality, youth, and expression associated with the aesthetically ideal face.

Anthropometry of the eyelid and palpebral fissure in an Indian population.

Background: The shapes of the eyebrow and upper eyelid are distinctive facial landmarks. In cosmetic and reconstructive procedures, maintenance of the anatomical relations of these landmarks ensures a pleasing postoperative appearance.

Objectives: The authors establish normal values for eyelid anthropometry in an Indian population.

Changing patterns in demography of cleft lip-cleft palate deformities in a developing country: the Smile Train effect--what lies ahead?

Background: The past decade has seen tremendous changes in the management of cleft deformities with the advent of the Smile Train project. The present study evaluates the effect of the Smile Train project on the demographics of cleft deformities.

Method: Data collected over the past three decades were studied retrospectively.

Changing patterns in electrical burn injuries in a developing country: should prevention programs focus on the rural population?

In the developing world, the incidence of electrical injuries has increased in the past few years. This study attempts to identify the causative and demographic risk factors that can help in formulating a targeted prevention program. The study was conducted prospectively and retrospectively from 2004 to 2009.

Oral antimicrobial therapy for diabetic foot osteomyelitis.

Background: Osteomyelitis in the foot of a diabetic individual is a common complication of peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and infection. Operative facilities and home intravenous antibiotic therapy programs may not be available in remote or rural communities. Limited data are available regarding the treatment results of oral antimicrobial therapy, with or without limited office debridement for diabetic foot osteomyelitis.