Aquatic Plants in Ponds at the Brdo Estate (Slovenia) Show Changes in 20 Years.

Ponds are important habitats for aquatic plants and other biota, particularly in regions where the quality of aquatic ecosystems is deteriorating or even disappearing. Ponds provide refuge for many species and serve as foraging places for others. The ponds studied are located in the Brdo Estate and are under special protection to maintain their educational and other ecosystem services.

Comparative and population genomics of buckwheat species reveal key determinants of flavor and fertility.

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is an ancient crop with a world-wide distribution. Due to its excellent nutritional quality and high economic and ecological value, common buckwheat is becoming increasingly important throughout the world. The availability of a high-quality reference genome sequence and population genomic data will accelerate the breeding of common buckwheat, but the high heterozygosity due to the outcrossing nature has greatly hindered the genome assembly.

Differences in Ratio of Carbon Stable Isotopes among Barley Grain Milling Fractions with Various Concentrations of Beta-Glucans.

The grains of three barley varieties were milled and sieved to obtain respective milling fractions with a content of beta-glucans (b-G) from 1.4 to 10.7%.

Differences in Phytobenthic Diatom Community between Natural and Channelized River Sections.

The structure of phytobenthic diatom communities was studied to reveal differences between natural and channelized river sections in Slovenia. As part of the national monitoring of surface waters, samples of phytobenthos were collected at 85 sites throughout the country according to standard protocols. At the same time, basic environmental parameters were also assessed.

Tartary Buckwheat Grain as a Source of Bioactive Compounds in Husked Groats.

Tartary buckwheat ( Gaertn.) originates in mountain regions of Western China, and is cultivated in China, Bhutan, Northern India, Nepal, and Central Europe. The content of flavonoids in Tartary buckwheat grain and groats is much higher than in common buckwheat ( Moench), and depends on ecological conditions, such as UV-B radiation.

Phytochemistry, Bioactivities of Metabolites, and Traditional Uses of .

In Tartary buckwheat (), the edible parts are mainly grain and sprouts. Tartary buckwheat contains protecting substances, which make it possible for plants to survive on high altitudes and under strong natural ultraviolet radiation. The diversity and high content of phenolic substances are important for Tartary buckwheat to grow and reproduce under unfriendly environmental effects, diseases, and grazing.

Molecular Shield for Protection of Buckwheat Plants from UV-B Radiation.

Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn.) and common buckwheat ( Moench) are adapted to growing in harsh conditions of high altitudes.

Adaptative Responses of Common and Tartary Buckwheat to Different Altitudes.

Environmental conditions at different elevations are harsher at higher elevations and impose constraints upon plants. The response of common and Tartary buckwheats to environmental conditions at elevations between 300 and 1180 m above sea level (asl) was studied. In common buckwheat, grown at the highest elevation, there was an increased investment in secondary metabolism, and decreased investment in primary metabolism, since the production of UV-absorbing compounds was enhanced while the amounts of chlorophylls and carotenoids decreased.

Different Concentrations of Potassium Silicate in Nutrient Solution Affects Selected Growth Characteristics and Mineral Composition of Barley ( L.).

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of potassium silicate (KSiO) on the physiological and growth characteristics and elemental composition of barley plants. Hydroponically grown barley ( L.) var.

Impact of Rutin and Other Phenolic Substances on the Digestibility of Buckwheat Grain Metabolites.

Tartary buckwheat ( Gaertn.) is grown in eastern and central Asia (the Himalayan regions of China, Nepal, Bhutan and India) and in central and eastern Europe (Luxemburg, Germany, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina). It is known for its high concentration of rutin and other phenolic metabolites.

Long-Term Changes in Macrophyte Distribution and Abundance in a Lowland River.

The aim of this study was to reveal the changes of macrophyte community over time and along the course of the Ižica River. In 1996, 2000, and 2016, we surveyed the distribution and abundance of macrophyte species in the lowland Ižica River, which originates in the town of Ig and then flows through an agricultural landscape. We calculated the River Macrophyte Index (RMI), which reflects the ecological status of the river.

Silicon Mitigates Negative Impacts of Drought and UV-B Radiation in Plants.

Due to climate change, plants are being more adversely affected by heatwaves, floods, droughts, and increased temperatures and UV radiation. This review focuses on enhanced UV-B radiation and drought, and mitigation of their adverse effects through silicon addition. Studies on UV-B stress and addition of silicon or silicon nanoparticles have been reported for crop plants including rice, wheat, and soybean.

Concentrations of Phenolic Acids Are Differently Genetically Determined in Leaves, Flowers, and Grain of Common Buckwheat ( Moench).

Common buckwheat ( Moench) is a valuable source of proteins, B vitamins, manganese, tryptophan, phytochemicals with an antioxidant effect, and the natural flavonoid rutin. Due to its composition, buckwheat supports the human immune system, regulates blood cholesterol, and is suitable for patients with diabetes or celiac disease. The study aimed to compare the allocation of selected phenolic acids (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans--coumaric acid, trans-sinapic acid, trans-ferulic acid) and flavonoids (rutin, vitexin, quercetin, kaempferol) in the leaves, flowers, and grain of buckwheat cultivars of different origin.

Tartary Buckwheat in Human Nutrition.

Tartary buckwheat ( Gaertn.) originates in mountain areas of western China, and it is mainly cultivated in China, Bhutan, northern India, Nepal, and central Europe. Tartary buckwheat shows greater cold resistance than common buckwheat, and has traits for drought tolerance.

Resequencing of global Tartary buckwheat accessions reveals multiple domestication events and key loci associated with agronomic traits.

Background: Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is a nutritionally balanced and flavonoid-rich crop plant that has been in cultivation for 4000 years and is now grown globally. Despite its nutraceutical and agricultural value, the characterization of its genetics and its domestication history is limited.

Results: Here, we report a comprehensive database of Tartary buckwheat genomic variation based on whole-genome resequencing of 510 germplasms.

Breeding Buckwheat for Increased Levels and Improved Quality of Protein.

Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn.) and common buckwheat ( Moench) are important sources of proteins with balanced amino-acid compositions, and thus of high nutritional value.

Significant Accumulation of Iodine and Selenium in Chicory ( L. var. Hegi) Leaves after Foliar Spraying.

The interactions between the uptake of selenium (as selenite and selenate) and iodine (as iodate and iodide) by red chicory ( L. var. Hegi) and their effects on selected morphological and physiological characteristics were investigated.

Breeding Buckwheat for Increased Levels of Rutin, Quercetin and Other Bioactive Compounds with Potential Antiviral Effects.

Common buckwheat ( Moench) and Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn.) are sources of many bioactive compounds, such as rutin, quercetin, emodin, fagopyrin and other (poly)phenolics.

Response of Pumpkin to Different Concentrations and Forms of Selenium and Iodine, and their Combinations.

The elements selenium (Se) and iodine (I) are both crucial for the normal functioning of the thyroid. Biofortification with these elements is particularly feasible in areas where they show a deficit. Iodine and selenium can have positive effects on different plants when applied at the correct concentrations.

Water Shortage Strongly Alters Formation of Calcium Oxalate Druse Crystals and Leaf Traits in .

Common buckwheat ( Moench) is a robust plant with high resistance to different environmental constraints. It contains high levels of calcium oxalate (CaOx) druse crystals, although their role remains obscure. The objective was to examine the effects of water shortage on plant biomass partition and leaf traits and formation of CaOx druse crystals in common buckwheat.

Breeding buckwheat for nutritional quality.

Common buckwheat ( Moench, CB) and Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn., TB) are used in human nutrition.

Biofortification with selenium and iodine changes morphological properties of Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes) and increases their contents in tubers.

Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes L.

Biofortification of common buckwheat microgreens and seeds with different forms of selenium and iodine.

Background: The biofortification of crops can counteract human diseases, including selenium (Se) and iodine (I) deficiencies in the diet. Little is known about the effects of combinations of Se and I on microgreens and seeds, or on their accumulation in these tissues. The present study aimed to evaluate Se (SeO , SeO ) and I (I , IO ) biofortification of common buckwheat microgreens and seeds with respect to the effects of the addition of Se, I and Se + I on yield and on physiological and biochemical characteristics.