6-Hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline Demonstrates Anti-Inflammatory Properties and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury in Rats.

We examined the effects of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline on markers of liver injury, oxidative status, and the extent of inflammatory and apoptotic processes in rats with acetaminophen-induced liver damage. The administration of acetaminophen caused the accumulation of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane in the liver and serum, as well as an increase in biochemiluminescence indicators. Oxidative stress resulted in the activation of pro-inflammatory cytokine and NF-κB factor mRNA synthesis and increased levels of immunoglobulin G, along with higher activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9.

The new antioxidant 1-benzoyl-6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline has a protective effect against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic injury in rats.

Liver diseases with the central pathogenetic mechanism of oxidative stress are one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. Therefore, dihydroquinoline derivatives, which are precursors of hepatoprotectors and have antioxidant activity, are of interest. We have previously found that some compounds in this class have the ability to normalize redox homeostasis under experimental conditions.

[Effect of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline on the intensity of free radical processes and the activity of oxidative metabolism enzymes under toxic liver injury in rats].

The effect of 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline on markers of hepatocytes cytolysis (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), parameters reflecting the state of oxidative status (intensity of biochemical luminescence and the content of diene conjugates), and the activity of oxidative metabolism enzymes (aconitate hydratase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase) was studied in rats with CCl4-induced liver injury. The results obtained in the course of the work demonstrated the ability of the test compound to reduce the severity of oxidative stress and liver cells damage, as well as to change the activity of aconitate hydratase and NADP-generating enzymes in the direction of control values. 6-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline was more effective in normalizing CCl4-induced changes of the analyzed parameters that Carsil used as a reference compound.

Activity of the glutathione antioxidant system and NADPH-generating enzymes in blood serum of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus after administration of melatonin-correcting drugs.

We studied the effects of epifamin and melaxen on serum content of reduced glutathione and activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and NADPH-generating enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase) in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The concentration of reduced glutathione was decreased in rats with this disease (by 1.8 times), but increased after treatment with epifamin and melaxen (by 1.

[Effect of melatonin on antioxidant state under type ii diabetes at rat].

The effect of melatonin on the intensity of free radical processes and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.

Effect of 3,5-dicarbomethoxyphenylbiguanide on free radical homeostasis in rats with experimental myocarditis.

Administration of 3,5-dicarbomethoxyphenylbiguanide to rats with experimental epinephrine-induced myocarditis was followed by a decrease in activity of marker enzymes for cardiomyocyte cytolysis in the blood serum. This agent also decreased the intensity of free radical processes and had a normalizing effect on aconitase activity in the heart and blood serum of rats with myocarditis.

Effect of N-[Imino(4-morpholyl)methyl]guanidine on the oxidative status in rats with toxic hepatitis.

The hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of a synthetic biguanide N-[imino(4-morpholyl)methyl]guanidine (IMMG) were prognosticated by the method of computer prediction. Administration of IMMG was accompanied by a decrease in serum transaminase activity in rats with toxic hepatitis, which reflects inhibition of hepatocyte cytolysis. IMMG treatment was followed by a decrease in biochemiluminescence parameters reflecting the intensity of free radical oxidation.

Aconitate hydratase of mammals under oxidative stress.

Data on the structure, functions, regulation of activity, and expression of cytosolic and mitochondrial aconitate hydratase isoenzymes of mammals are reviewed. The role of aconitate hydratase and structurally similar iron-regulatory protein in maintenance of homeostasis of cell iron is described. Information on modifications of the aconitate hydratase molecule and changes in expression under oxidative stress is generalized.

Effects of lipoic acid on citrate content, aconitate hydratase activity, and oxidative status during myocardial ischemia in rats.

The effects of lipoic acid on intensity of free radical reactions, citrate content, and aconitate hydratase during myocardial ischemia have been investigated. Treatment with lipoic acid normalized biochemiluminescence parameters and citrate level, which were increased in the myocardial pathology. Treatment with lipoic acid also increased specific activity of aconitate hydratase, which was decreased in myocardium and blood of animals with myocardial ischemia.

[Thioctic acid action on glutathione-dependent antioxidant system functioning at toxic hepatitis of rats].

The effect of thioctic acid on the glutathione dependent antioxidant system and activities of enzymes, generating NADPH of rats has been investigated in rats under conditions of toxic hepatitis. Injections of thioctic acid to animals with toxic hepatitis caused the decrease of glutathione reductase and peroxidase activities to the normal level. Reduced glutathione content also tended to the control level.

Regulation of mitochondrial NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase in rat heart during ischemia.

The changes in the regulation of at mitochondrial NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP-ICDH) in a rat heart during have been analysed. Increase of enzyme activity in the cytosol and mitochondria of the heart ischemia was detected. Catalytic properties of the mitochondrial NADP-ICDH at norm and pathology have been compared on homogeneous enzyme preparations.

[The intensity of free radical oxidation and catalytic properties of the rat liver NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase in the norm and in toxic hepatitis].

Parameters of hepatic free radical oxidation and catalytic properties of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.

[The oxidative effects of melatonin, the content of citrate and the activity of aconitate hydratase in the rat liver in toxic hepatitis].

When melatonin was injected into the liver of rats with toxic hepatitis, there was a reduction in the rate of free radical processes and in the mobilization of the antioxidative system, as estimated by the parameters of biochemiluminescence and the level of α-tocopherol, which is likely to be accounted for by the antioxidative effect of this hormone. The administration of melatonin to intact animals causes a reduction in the activity of aconitate hydratase and an increase in the level of citrate, which reflects the enhancement of the antioxidative potential as it promotes the decreased hydroxyl radical formation in the Fenton reaction. Metatonin-induced elevations in citrate levels and changes in the activity of aconitate hydratase were observed in the liver of animals with toxic hepatitis as compared with those not receiving the hormone, which seems to be associated with the less mobilization of the antioxidative system in the presence of melatonin that is able to produce an antioxidative effect.

Function of cytoplasmic NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase from rat myocardium under conditions of ischemia.

NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase activity decreased by 2.7 times in the myocardium of rats with experimental ischemia. Cytoplasmic NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase from intact and ischemic rat heart was purified by 91.

[Free-radical oxidation and regulation of cytoplasmic NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase in rat cardiomyocytes at norm and under ischemia].

Experimental ishemia of rat myocardium was accompanied by increase of light sum (S) and maximal intensity (Imax) of chemiluminescence, amount of a malonic dialdehyde and conjugated dienes in cytoplasmic fraction. The activity of NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.

Free radical oxidation and catalytic activity of aconitate hydratase in rat liver under normal conditions and during toxic hepatitis.

We observed intensification of free radical oxidation, decrease in activity, and changes in catalytic properties of aconitate hydratase in the liver of rats with toxic hepatitis. The total yield and maximum flash intensity of biochemiluminescence increased by 2.2 and 1.

Oxidative status and distribution of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and aconitate hydratase in rat cardiomyocytes under normal conditions and during ischemia.

Oxidative status of rat cardiomyocytes during ischemia induced by occlusion of the descending branch of the coronary artery was studied by the methods of Fe-induced chemiluminescence and spectrophotometry of primary and secondary lipid peroxidation product. The concentrations of low-molecular-weight antioxidants a-tocopherol and citrate and activities of NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.

[Catalytic properties of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial aconitate hydratase from rat cardiomyocytes].

Enzymatic activity of aconitate hydratase (aconitase, EC 4.2.1.

Intensity of free radical processes and regulation of cytoplasmic NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase in rat cardiomyocytes under normal and ischemic conditions.

The intensity of free radical processes and the regulation of NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.

Catalytic properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from pea leaves.

A homogeneous preparation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH, EC 1.1.1.

Catalytic properties of phosphoglucomutase from pea chloroplasts.

Electrophoretically homogeneous phosphoglucomutase (PGM) with specific activity of 3.6 units/mg protein was isolated from pea (Pisum sativum L.) chloroplasts.

Purification, separation and characterization of phosphoglucomutase and phosphomannomutase from maize leaves.

Different phosphomutases-phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.

Purification and some catalytic properties of phosphoglucomutase from maize leaves.

Phosphoglucomutase (EC 2.7.5.