Imaging of unicentric hyaline-vascular variant of Castleman disease: Emphasis on perilesional fat stranding and fatty proliferation.

The hyaline-vascular variant of Castleman disease (HVCD) is relatively uncommon and demonstrates no specific clinical or laboratory findings; therefore, its preoperative diagnosis warrants a radiological evaluation. This study aimed to review imaging findings of HVCD, focusing on perilesional fat stranding and fatty proliferation. Patients with a pathologically confirmed HVCD diagnosis who had undergone CT were recruited from five hospitals from January 2000 to March 2023.

Image-based Re-evaluation of the JCOG0911 Study Focusing on Tumor Volume and Survival, Disease Progression Diagnosis, and Radiomic Prognostication for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma.

Purpose: To re-evaluate images recovered from JCOG0911, a randomized phase 2 trial for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM) conducted by the Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) Brain Tumor Study Group.

Methods: The correlation between tumor volumes and survival was evaluated, followed by progression-free survival (PFS) analysis by independent central review based on Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria using MRI recovered from 118 nGBM patients enrolled in the JCOG0911 trial. A radiomic analysis was also performed to identify radiomic features predictive of nGBM prognosis.

Initial adjustments in the dosage and rest period of gemcitabine plus cisplatin therapy for patients with incurable biliary tract cancer based on baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values may be crucial for treatment outcomes and the preservation of renal function.

Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) and cisplatin (CDDP) combination therapy (GC therapy) is the standard 1st-line regimen for incurable biliary tract cancers (BTCs). However, the correlation between dynamic changes in renal function and the outcomes of GC therapy remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between renal function alterations and treatment outcomes after GC therapy.

The impact of maternal prenatal psychological distress on the development of epilepsy in offspring: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

The relationship between maternal prenatal psychological distress and epilepsy development in offspring has not yet been clarified. Herein, we used a dataset obtained from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a nationwide birth cohort study, to evaluate the association between six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) scores and epilepsy among 1-3 years old. The data of 97,484 children were retrospectively analyzed.

Ophthalmic artery originating from contralateral internal carotid artery associated with ipsilateral agenesis of internal carotid artery.

Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery is a rare anatomical variant. The primarily reported origins of the ophthalmic artery associated with this variant are the posterior communicating, middle cerebral, and external carotid arteries. We report the case of a patient without an internal carotid artery whose ophthalmic artery originated from the contralateral internal carotid artery.

Image Quality Evaluation for Brain Soft Tissue in Neuroendovascular Treatment by Dose-Reduction Mode of Dual-Axis "Butterfly" Scan.

Background And Purpose: Flat panel conebeam CT (CBCT) is essential for detecting hemorrhagic complications during neuroendovascular treatments. Despite its superior image quality and trajectory over conventional CBCT (circular scan), the dual-axis butterfly scan has a slightly higher radiation dose relative to conventional CBCT. This study evaluates the image quality in dose-reduction mode to uncover the appropriate radiation dose for the butterfly scan.

Associations between paternal autism traits and parenting from the Japan environment and children's study.

There are few studies on the parenting of fathers with autism traits. To investigate this issue, we examined the type of parenting performed by fathers with autism traits using data from a nationwide birth cohort study, the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Paternal parenting was evaluated by mothers or caregivers when the child was 2 years old.

Improving the efficiency of adaptive management methods in multiple fishways using environmental DNA.

Dams and weirs impede the continuity of rivers and transit of migratory fish. To overcome this obstacle, fishways are installed worldwide; however, management after installation is important. The Miyanaka Intake Dam has three fish ladders with different flow velocities and discharges and has been under adaptive management since 2012.

Early childhood neurodevelopmental milestones in children with allergic diseases: the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).

This study investigated the potential link between early childhood allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental milestone attainment during the first 3 years of life. Utilizing data from a large-scale prospective birth cohort study in Japan, encompassing 87,986 children, we examined physician-diagnosed and caregiver-reported allergic conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, and food allergy (FA). Neurodevelopmental milestones were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires at 1, 1.

[Sleeve Resection for Right Upper Lobe Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Systemic Chemotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Administration].

A man in his 50s was diagnosed with right upper lobe non-small-cell lung cancer (cT3N1M0, stage ⅢA) on bronchoscopy. The tumor was located at the right hilum and was bordered extensively on the pulmonary artery. We observed significant tumor shrinkage (ycT1bN1M0, stage ⅡB), following three cycles of systemic chemotherapy combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor and performed right upper sleeve lobectomy + ND2a-2 via thoracotomy for radical resection.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Offspring Exposed to Corticosteroid and B2-Adrenergic Agonists In Utero.

Importance: Corticosteroids and β2-adrenergic agonists are commonly used during pregnancy to treat asthma. However, offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes following in utero exposure to these medications remain unclear.

Objective: To investigate the association between timing of in utero exposure to corticosteroids and β2-adrenergic agonists and offspring neurodevelopmental milestones during the first 3 years of life.

Weight-loss behaviors before pregnancy associate with increased risk of postpartum depression from the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

No studies showed the association between weight-loss behaviors before pregnancy and postpartum depression (PPD). We analyzed data from the nation-wide birth cohort study, the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Self-administrated questionnaires answered by 62,446 women was analyzed using logistic regression analysis.

Differentiation of silent corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) from non-functioning PitNETs using kinetic analysis of dynamic MRI.

Purpose: Silent corticotroph pituitary adenomas (SCAs)/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are common non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs)/PitNETs with a clinically aggressive course. This study aimed to investigate the ability of time-intensity analysis of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for distinguishing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-positive SCAs and ACTH-negative SCAs from other NFAs.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the dynamic MRI findings of patients with NFAs.

Image quality improvements for brain soft tissue in neuro-endovascular treatments: A novel dual-axis "butterfly" trajectory for optimized Cone-Beam CT.

Purpose: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is useful in the diagnosis of complications after neuro-endovascular treatment. However, the image quality of conventional CBCT is inferior to that of conventional CT. To solve this problem, a dual-axis butterfly CBCT available with an angiography suite has been developed.

Intraosseous schwannoma in the clivus mimicking chordoma treated with endoscopic endonasal surgery: A case report.

Background: Intraosseous schwannomas are extremely rare and they have not yet been reported to occur in the clivus. We report a schwannoma in the clivus mimicking chordoma and review intraosseous schwannomas of the skull.

Case Description: A 62-year-old man presented with gradually worsening hoarseness with dysphagia and atrophy of the left tongue, trapezius muscle, and sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Association between frequency of going out and mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults: a pilot study in frailty prevention groups.

Background: Clarifying the role of physical limitations in the relationship between frequency of going out and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be useful in supporting early detection and prevention of MCI. However, few studies have explored relatively active populations that are continuously active throughout the year. This study aimed to determine the relationship between frequency of going out and MCI among non-homebound older adults who participated in group activities to prevent frailty.

[Effects of Changing the Source-to-image Receptor Distance Parameter of Scattered X-ray Correction after Exposure on Image Quality in Portable Chest Radiography].

Purpose: To validate the effects of changing the source-to-image receptor distance (SID) parameter of scattered X-ray correction after exposure on the image quality in portable chest radiography.

Methods: The actual SID and tube current-time product (mAs) were varied such that the direct X-ray dose to a flat panel detector (FPD) remained constant. We created two groups as follows: Group A (with the SID parameter unchanged) and Group B (with the SID parameter changed to the actual SID after a phantom chest exposure).

The efficacy of deep learning models in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer using MRI: a comparison with radiologists.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of deep learning models using convolutional neural networks (CNN) with that of radiologists in diagnosing endometrial cancer and to verify suitable imaging conditions.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with endometrial cancer or non-cancerous lesions who underwent MRI between 2015 and 2020. In Experiment 1, single and combined image sets of several sequences from 204 patients with cancer and 184 patients with non-cancerous lesions were used to train CNNs.

The Association Between Maternal Shaking Behavior and Inappropriate Infant Parenting: The Japan Environment and Children's Study.

Background: Although many studies have identified risk factors for maternal shaking behavior, it is unknown whether mothers who have shaken their infants repeat shaking behavior or show other inappropriate parenting behaviors. Using data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) birth cohort study, we investigated the associations between continuous shaking behavior and the associations between shaking behavior and other inappropriate parenting behaviors.

Methods: JECS data starting from 2011 were used.

Short- and Long-Term Effects of Drought on Selected Causes of Mortality in Northern Bangladesh.

Drought has exacerbated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here, a time series study was conducted in northern Bangladesh to evaluate the impact of drought on selected causes of mortality during 2007-2017. Rainfall and temperature data from six meteorological stations were used to analyze drought and non-drought periods and to categorize mild, moderate, severe, and extreme drought based on the 3-month and 12-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evaporation Index (SPEI).

Functional magnetic resonance imaging of brain activity during hybrid assistive limb intervention in a chronic spinal cord injury patient with C4 quadriplegia.

Hybrid assistive limb (HAL) is a wearable robot, which has recently been used for the treatment of patients with movement disorders including spinal cord injury (SCI). Although several studies have indicated the effectiveness of HAL for SCI patients, changes in brain activity during the HAL intervention have not yet been fully characterized. A 19-year-old man with a chronic SCI resulting in complete C4 quadriplegia underwent five weeks of HAL training for a total of ten sessions.