Comparison of the effectiveness of awake-prone positioning and high-flow nasal oxygen in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure between different waves.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the awake-prone position on relevant clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure requiring high-flow nasal oxygen between different waves in Argentina.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective cohort study included adult patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure requiring high-flow nasal oxygen. The main exposure position was the awake-prone position (≥ 6 hours/day) compared to the non-prone position.

Intra-flap recurrence of an oral squamous cell carcinoma after curative resection and reconstruction with a free flap.

Unlabelled: Intra-flap recurrence after reconstruction is a possible complication in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after curative resection and reconstruction with a free flap.

Abstract: This case report describes an intra-flap recurrence after tumor resection and reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi flap due to OSCC. We report a 58-year-old female patient who underwent curative resection of a squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity and submental area and reconstruction with a latissimus dorsi free flap.

Late-gestation heat stress in Holstein dams programs in utero development of daughter's germline, triggering skin and hair morphology adaptations of granddaughters.

Homeostasis and thermoregulation are influenced by the interplay of hair coat and skin characteristics. Our previous work indicated that hair and skin adaptations, triggered by in utero heat stress, affect thermoregulation in postnatal life. Herein, we investigate multigenerational carry-over effects of late-gestation heat stress on hair and skin characteristics beyond the first generation.

Virtual planning for mandible resection and reconstruction.

In mandibular reconstruction, computer-assisted procedures, including virtual surgical planning (VSP) and additive manufacturing (AM), have become an integral part of routine clinical practice. Especially complex cases with extensive defects after ablative tumor surgery benefit from a computer-assisted approach. Various CAD/CAM-manufactured tools such as surgical guides (guides for osteotomy, resection and predrilling) support the transition from virtual planning to surgery.

Evaluation of one-piece zirconia dental implants: An 8-year follow-up study.

Objectives: Long-term studies of modern zirconia implants are still insufficient. This prospective 8-year follow-up study investigated one-piece zirconia implants.

Materials And Methods: Patients who had received a one-piece zirconia dental implant (PURE ceramic implant, Institut Straumann GmbH, Basel, Switzerland) were included in this study.

The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Craniomaxillofacial Surgeons: A Follow-Up Survey After One Year.

Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional.

Objective: To measure the impact that COrona VIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) has had on craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgeons after 1 year and compare it with 2020 data by () measuring access to adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), () performance of elective surgery, and () the vaccination status. This should be investigated because most CMF surgeons felt that hospitals did not provide them with adequate PPE.

Impact of exposure time in awake prone positioning on clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure treated with high-flow nasal oxygen: a multicenter cohort study.

Background: In patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory failure (ARF), awake prone positioning (AW-PP) reduces the need for intubation in patients treated with high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO). However, the effects of different exposure times on clinical outcomes remain unclear. We evaluated the effect of AW-PP on the risk of endotracheal intubation and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19-related ARF treated with HFNO and analyzed the effects of different exposure times to AW-PP.

Racial Disparities Affecting Postoperative Outcomes After Brain Tumor Resection.

Objective: To investigate racial disparities in 30-day postoperative outcomes of craniotomy for glioma resection.

Methods: 2006-2019 American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program files were queried for all patients who underwent a craniotomy for a supratentorial glioma resection. Racial disparities in preoperative variables were studied between the demographic cohorts of Asian, African Americans, Hispanics, and Caucasian.

Changes in the facial soft tissue profile after maxillary orthognathic surgery.

Objectives: To compare the changes of the soft tissue profile in relation to the displacement of the underlying hard structures in maxillary orthognathic surgery and to contribute to the esthetic prediction of the facial profile after surgical procedures.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the sagittal changes in the facial soft tissue profile related to surgical changes in skeletal structures after maxillary osteotomy in a retrospective study. The study sample comprised 115 adult patients between the ages of 18-50 years who had undergone maxillary orthognathic surgery and interdisciplinary orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany.

The Effect of Ibuprofen Dosing Interval on Post-Tonsillectomy Outcomes in Children: A Quality Improvement Study.

Objective: In this Quality Improvement (QI project) it was hypothesized that an increase in dosing intervals for postoperative analgesia when alternating Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen would reduce post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) rates for those undergoing tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomy, while maintaining the standard of postoperative analgesia and reducing visits to the Emergency Room (ER) for reasons other than PTH. Data was collected from 353 children. Utilizing run chart analysis, it was determined that patients experiencing the 4-hour dosing interval had lower rates of PTH, fewer ER visits, and no increase in postoperative phone calls from caregivers.

[Severe bacterial soft tissue infections in the head and neck region : Overview of the causes, pathogenesis, diagnostics, treatment and possible sequelae].

Background: This article gives an overview of severe and fulminant infections of the head and neck region. The focus is on the treatment, diagnostics and causes of abscesses, phlegmon and necrotizing fasciitis.

Objective: Despite guideline-conform treatment soft tissue infections of the head and neck can spread rapidly and be life-threatening.

On-site CAD templates reduce surgery time for complex craniostenosis repair in infants: a new method.

Introduction: The surgical correction of craniostenosis in children is a time-consuming and taxing procedure. To facilitate this procedure, especially in infants with complex craniostenosis, we refined the computer-aided design and manufacturing technique (CAD/CAM) based on computed tomography (CT)-generated DICOM data. We used cutting guides and molding templates, which allowed the surgeon to reshape and fixate the supraorbital bar extracorporeally on a side table and to control the intracorporal fit without removing the template.

Voluntary Wheel Running Has Beneficial Effects in a Rat Model of CKD-Mineral Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD).

Background: Reduced bone and muscle health in individuals with CKD contributes to their higher rates of morbidity and mortality.

Methods: We tested the hypothesis that voluntary wheel running would improve musculoskeletal health in a CKD rat model. Rats with spontaneous progressive cystic kidney disease (Cy/+ ) and normal littermates (NL) were given access to a voluntary running wheel or standard cage conditions for 10 weeks starting at 25 weeks of age when the rats with kidney disease had reached stage 2-3 of CKD.

Surgical treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the upper jaw: Case series.

Purpose: The management of maxillary medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is challenging. Therefore, identifying the proper treatment is important. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical treatment of maxillary MRONJ using single-layer closure with mucoperiosteal flap and double-layer closure with buccal fat pad flap (BFPF) and mucoperiosteal flap and to find the outcomes after rehabilitation with obturators.

Changes in the facial soft-tissue profile after mandibular orthognathic surgery.

Objectives: To investigate the correlation between soft- and hard-tissue changes after mandibular orthognathic surgery, to generate precise prognostic values for the esthetic treatment outcome of the facial profile.

Material And Methods: In this retrospective study, sagittal changes in the facial soft tissue profile in relation to surgical changes in hard structures after mandibular osteotomy were examined. The sample population included 144 reported adult patients aged 17-50 years who had received combined mandibular orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment at the Department of Orthodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Germany.

Clinical and pathologic parameters predicting recurrence of facial basal cell carcinoma: a retrospective audit in an advanced care center.

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the associations between clinical, pathologic, and therapeutic parameters of facial basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and recurrence rates in patients treated at an advanced care center.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed. Patients who presented to an advanced care center within a 6-year period with facial BCC and who received surgical treatment were included for further review according to predefined inclusion criteria.

Persistence of Antipsychotic Treatment in Elderly Dementia Patients: A Retrospective, Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Antipsychotics are commonly used to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Concerns over their safety and efficacy in this role have resulted in antipsychotics typically being recommended for short-term usage only when used among dementia patients. However, there is little work examining the duration of antipsychotic treatment in the elderly dementia patient population.

Iterations of computer- and template assisted mandibular or maxillary reconstruction with free flaps containing the lateral scapular border--Evolution of a biplanar plug-on cutting guide.

Background: Computer-assisted planning and intraoperative implementation using templates have become appreciated modalities in craniofacial reconstruction with fibula and DCIA flaps due to saving in operation time, improved accuracy of osteotomies and easy insetting. Up to now, a similar development for flaps from the subscapular vascular system, namely the lateral scapular border and tip, has not been addressed in the literature.

Patients/method: A cohort of 12 patients who underwent mandibular (n = 10) or maxillary (n = 2) reconstruction with free flaps containing the lateral scapular border and tip using computer-assisted planning, stereolithography (STL) models and selective laser sintered (SLS) templates for bone contouring and sub-segmentation osteotomies was reviewed focussing on iterations in the design of computer generated tools and templates.

Maxillofacial Fractures: Midface and Internal Orbit-Part II: Principles and Surgical Treatment.

Current clinical assessment and imaging techniques were described in part 1, and this article presents a systematic review of the surgical treatment principles in the management of midface and internal orbit fractures from initial care to definitive treatment, including illustrative case examples. New developments enabled limited surgical approaches by standardization of osteosynthesis principles regarding three-dimensional buttress reconstruction, by newly developed individualized implants such as titanium meshes and, especially for complex fracture patterns, by critical assessment of anatomical reconstruction through intraoperative endoscopy, as well as intra- and postoperative imaging. Resorbable soft tissue anchors can be used both for ligament and soft tissue resuspension to reduce ptosis effects in the cheeks and nasolabial area and to achieve facial aesthetics similar to those prior to the injury.

Maxillofacial Fractures: Midface and Internal Orbit-Part I: Classification and Assessment.

Fractures of the midface and internal orbit occur isolated or in combination with other injuries. Frequently, the patients are first seen in emergency rooms responsible for the coordination of initial diagnostic procedures, followed by the transfer to specialties for further treatment. It is, therefore, important for all physicians treating facial trauma patients to understand the basic principles of injuries to the midface.

Are There Clinical or Pathological Parameters of Maxillary Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma With an Influence on the Occurrence of Neck Node Metastasis? An Appraisal of 92 Patients.

Purpose: To determine the proportion of patients with cervical metastases caused by maxillary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to identify any clinical or pathologic parameters that might be associated with the occurrence of metastatic neck disease.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study of all patients managed with primary surgical resection of maxillary OSCC at the authors' institution from 2006 through 2013 was performed. Cervical lymph node dissection and adjuvant therapy were performed as warranted by preoperative staging examinations or histopathologic evaluation or as recommended after multidisciplinary consultation, and regular follow-up protocols were followed.

Basal cell carcinoma-treatments for the commonest skin cancer.

Background: With an incidence of 70 to over 800 new cases per 100 000 persons per year, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a very common disease, accounting for about 80% of all cases of non-melanoma skin cancer. It very rarely metastasizes. A variety of treatments are available for the different subtypes and stages of BCC.

An objective and reproducible method for quantification of aortic regurgitation after TAVI.

Aims: We describe a new semi-automated method that measures aortic regurgitation (AR) on contrast aortography with the objectives of reducing the inter-observer variability and standardising image acquisition.

Methods And Results: Aortograms from three participating centres were reviewed to generate the following quality criteria: entire left ventricle and aortic root in view, descending aorta or TOE probe not over-projected, breath hold, no table motion, and adequate contrast opacification of the aortic root. AR was visually graded (Sellers) and was quantified by measuring the area under time-contrast density curves in the aortic root (reference) and the left ventricle.

Clinicopathologic features of oral squamous cell carcinoma: do they vary in different age groups?

Purpose: To analyze clinicopathologic parameters of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in different age groups. We hypothesized that clinical and pathologic parameters of OSCCs will vary in different age groups.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed.