Isolated lung metastases from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC): Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of a different disease.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a dismal prognosis, mostly due to the high rate of distant dissemination. However, growing evidence shows that isolated lung recurrence or metastases (ILM) from PDAC are not only less common, but also correlated with a better prognosis. Lung-only recurrence after surgery occurs later in time and is associated with more favorable prognostic characteristics of the primary tumor.

Colonic budesonide delivery by multistimuli alginate/Eudragit® FS 30D/inulin-based microspheres as a paediatric formulation.

The purpose of this study was to develop an oral paediatric formulation of budesonide (BUD) for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. A formulation realized as microspheres using the prilling/vibration technique is proposed as an innovative drug delivery system ensuring BUD-specific colonic release in response to different triggers, such as pH, transit time, and resident microbiota. BUD, or the inclusion complex BUD/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, was loaded into microspheres consisting of different ratios of alginate, Eudragit® FS 30D, with or without inulin.

Unexpected (I)FP-CIT SPECT findings: SWIDD, SWEDD and all DAT.

Although the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is essentially clinical, the implementation of imaging techniques can improve diagnostic accuracy. While some techniques (e.g.

Numerical modeling of laser tunneling ionization in particle-in-cell codes with a laser envelope model.

The resources needed for particle-in-cell simulations of laser wakefield acceleration can be greatly reduced in many cases of interest using an envelope model. However, the inclusion of tunneling ionization in this time-averaged treatment of laser-plasma acceleration is not straightforward, since the statistical features of the electron beams obtained through ionization should ideally be reproduced without resolving the high-frequency laser oscillations. In this context, an extension of an already known envelope ionization procedure is proposed, valid also for laser pulses with higher intensities, which consists in adding the initial longitudinal drift to the newly created electrons within the laser pulse ionizing the medium.

The usefulness of claws collected without invasiveness for cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate) monitoring in healthy newborn puppies after birth.

Despite the high rates of perinatal mortality in dogs, the study of canine perinatology did not receive strong scientific interests until recently, probably due to the difficulties in studying long term changes evaluations without incur with ethical issues. In the recent years, however, the usefulness of new matrices, such as the claws, collectable without invasiveness and providing information about a long-term, retrospective window of time were reported to be a suitable tool for the study of canine perinatology in spontaneously dead puppies. The present study was therefore aimed to assess the usefulness of claws as matrices collectable without invasiveness for the study of immunoreactive cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate) in alive puppies at birth, at 30 and at 60 days of age.

Energy-Chirp Compensation in a Laser Wakefield Accelerator.

The energy spread in laser wakefield accelerators is primarily limited by the energy chirp introduced during the injection and acceleration processes. Here, we propose the use of longitudinal density tailoring to reduce the beam chirp at the end of the accelerator. Experimental data sustained by quasi-3D particle-in-cell simulations show that broadband electron beams can be converted to quasimonoenergetic beams of ≤10% energy spread while maintaining a high charge of more than 120 pC.

Breast cancer screening in women at increased risk according to different family histories: an update of the Modena Study Group experience.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) detection in women with a genetic susceptibility or strong family history is considered mandatory compared with BC screening in the general population. However, screening modalities depend on the level of risk. Here we present an update of our screening programs based on risk classification.

Antinociceptive effect in mice of intraperitoneal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists in the formalin test.

Although the antinociceptive effect of NMDA antagonists in the formalin test is well recognised, these compounds can induce adverse motor effects. The aim of this study was to identify the systemic doses of NMDA antagonists that induce analgesia without causing side effects. Male Swiss mice (30-40g) received a subcutaneous (sc) injection of 1.

The antinociceptive effect of tramadol in the formalin test is mediated by the serotonergic component.

The aim of this study was to investigate the neurotransmissions involved in the antinociceptive effect of tramadol in the formalin test, which is an animal model of acute and tonic pain. A subcutaneous injection of formalin produces a biphasic nociceptive response: phase 1 (0-10 min-acute pain) and phase 2 (21-60 min-tonic pain). Nociceptive activity is reduced greatly during the 10 min between these two phases.

Extra-amniotic Foley catheter and prostaglandin E(2) gel for cervical ripening at term gestation.

Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy of intravaginal prostaglandin E(2) gel in comparison with that of a Foley catheter for cervical ripening and induction of labor.

Study Design: Consecutive patients with unfavorable cervix requiring preinduction cervical ripening and induction of labor at term gestation were asked to participate in the study. One hundred and two patients were assigned to treatment with intravaginal prostaglandin E(2) gel (group 1) and 122 patients underwent the placement of an intracervical Foley catheter (group 2).

Relation between long-term steroid treatment after heart transplantation, hypofibrinolysis and myocardial microthrombi generation.

Background: Thrombotic complications and transplant coronary artery disease are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality after heart transplantation. A thrombophilic state has been described in transplant recipients, and correlated to immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine A or azathioprine, whereas the prothrombotic effects of steroids, even though always given, have never been duly considered. A reduced fibrinolytic capacity due to high levels of PAI-1, the most important inhibitor of plasminogen activators, was suggested to play a role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and transplant coronary artery disease.

Carotid atherosclerosis in subjects with different hyperlipidaemia phenotypes.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of carotid plaque and/or stenosis in patients with different phenotype of hyperlipidaemia.

Experimental Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Outpatients metabolic clinic.