Accelerated long-term forgetting: from subjective memory decline to a defined clinical entity.

Subjective memory decline (SMD) might represent the preclinical phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and has been reported in epileptic amnesia associated with accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF). We investigated ALF in SMD subjects by means of RAVLT recall and recognition and ROCF recall after 1-week retention and compared with a control group. Two-way ANOVAs for RAVLT and ROCF were conducted, and stepwise regression analysis was administered considering EMQ and DASS-21 as factors.

Anosmia predicts memory impairment in post-COVID-19 syndrome: results of a neuropsychological cohort study.

Recovered COVID-19 patients frequently suffer of cognitive disorders. Several etiopathogenetic mechanisms have been considered for the brain complications in COVID-19 but results are uncertain. Amongst them, an olfactory route to SARS-CoV-2 brain infection might explain cognitive and memory disturbances in post-COVID-19 patients, given the cooccurrence of anosmia and possible underlying limbic involvement.

Improving Amnesia Diagnostic Accuracy with RAVLT Single Scores and Composite Indices: Italian Normative Data.

Objective: The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) is a widely used verbal memory measure that provides scores for different aspects of memory. It involves repeated auditory presentation and recall of a 15-item word list (List A) followed by presentation and recall of a distractor list (List B) and then un-cued immediate and delayed recalls (at 15 min and 1 week) of List A as well as recognition testing. Aims of this study are to provide Italian normative data for certain RAVLT Scores and Composite Indices to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the test in clinical settings and to provide further evidence on how RAVLT can differentiate different amnesia profiles due to focal lesions.

Late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder as the initial manifestation of possible behavioural variant Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: A late-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) might be a challenging diagnostic issue because of the overlapping with the dementia conditions more related to frontal lobe pathology. We aim to describe and investigate how this condition might represent the isolated long-lasting symptomatology of a frontal Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: An elderly woman with normal cognitive status showed a subacute onset of OCD with contamination obsession and washing compulsion.

Beyond the bipolar disorder diagnosis: Hypothalamus and its network damage in determining neuropsychiatric and Korsakoff-like memory disorders.

Craniopharyngiomas (CP's) are hypothalamic tumors often associated with psychological disorders. Nevertheless, its diagnosis is still challenging when psychiatric disorders are not associated with any other neurological symptoms. This single-case study describes a patient with a history of bipolar disorder before a diagnosis of a large CP arising the sellar and suprasellar region was posed.

Progressive aphasia, apraxia of speech and agraphia in corticobasal degeneration: A 12-case series clinical and neuropsychological descriptive study.

Background: Despite initial underreporting of language dysfunctions in corticobasal syndrome (CBS), aphasia is now recognized as a frequent feature of this disease. Aphasia in CBS seems clinically overlying to a non-fluent/agrammatic primary progressive aphasia (nfaPPA), which is also a clinical phenotype associated with corticobasal degeneration (CBD) pathology. However, the clinical features of aphasia in CBS still remain poorly delineated, resulting in misjudgements in the differential diagnosis from a PPA presentation of the disease.

Spect-neuropsychology correlations in very mild Alzheimer's disease and amnesic mild cognitive impairment.

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the clinical and brain functional abnormalities in patients with mild Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and patients with amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI).

Methods: we used resting spect-neuropsychology correlations method.

Results: We found that parieto-temporal associative cortex, mainly involving the inferior parietal lobule, posterior cingulate and middle temporal gyrus, is compromised early in AD.

Left Dorsomedial Thalamic Damage Impairs Verbal Recall More Than Recognition: A Case Report.

Damage to the dorsomedial thalamus usually leads to impaired episodic memory, attention, and executive function, but the role of the dorsomedial thalamus in memory processing is still not fully understood. Clinical evidence is inconclusive about whether dorsomedial thalamic damage impairs recall or whether it impairs recognition. I report a unique patient who suffered a cardioembolic stroke in the paramedian artery territory, caused by a patent foramen ovale.

A semi-automated measuring system of brain diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in patients with multiple sclerosis based on the integration of coregistration and tissue segmentation procedures.

Background: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) abnormalities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are currently measured by a complex combination of separate procedures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide a reliable method for reducing analysis complexity and obtaining reproducible results.

Methods: We implemented a semi-automated measuring system in which different well-known software components for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis are integrated to obtain reliable measurements of DWI and PWI disturbances in MS.

Recovery from amnesic confabulatory syndrome after right fornix lesion.

Background: Reports of amnesia due to bilateral fornix lesions are rare. A unilateral right fornix lesion is not known to cause an amnestic confabulatory syndrome.

Objective: To investigate the role of right fornix lesion in amnesia, the association of confabulation with executive disorders, and to evaluate the long-term recovery of memory and executive functions after surgical removal of a pilocytic astrocytoma in the right orbitofrontal region extending to the right fornix.