Field performance of grafted, micropropagated, and own-rooted plants of three Italian hazelnut cultivars during the initial four seasons of development.

Introduction: Over the course of four consecutive years, a comparative study, for the first time, was carried out to assess their growth characteristics, vegetative and productive performances.

Material: Micropropagated, grafted on not suckering rootstock and own-rooted plants by layering from three Italian hazelnut ( L.) cultivars were established in the same orchard and environmental condition.

A Genetic and Metabolomic Perspective on the Production of Indole-3-Acetic Acid by and Use of Their Metabolites as Biostimulants in Plant Nurseries.

The species includes strains that are agronomically relevant for their growth-promoting or biocontrol traits. Molecular analysis demonstrated that the IPDC pathway involved in the conversion of tryptophan (Trp) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is highly conserved among strains at both gene and protein levels. Results also indicated that the promoter region controlling the inducible expression of gene differs from the model system , which is in accordance with the observation that accumulates higher levels of IAA when cells are collected in the exponential phase of growth.