Racial differences in quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography findings between older non-diabetics with co-morbidities.

This cross-sectional study compared optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters between older Black and White adults with systemic comorbidities in an effort to further understand racial differences in the retinal microvasculature. We analyzed vessel density at the superficial (SCP), intermediate (ICP), and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters, and blood flow area (BFA) at the choriocapillaris. We used a mixed-effects linear regression model, controlling for hypertension and two eyes from the same subject, to compare OCTA parameters.

Computerized Texture Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Choriocapillaris in Normal Eyes of Young and Healthy Subjects.

Computerized texture analysis uses higher-order mathematics to identify patterns beyond what the naked eye can recognize. We tested its feasibility in optical coherence tomography angiography imaging of choriocapillaris. Our objective was to determine sets of parameters that provide coherent and consistent output when applied to a homogeneous, healthy group of patients.

Evaluation of flow of chorioretinal capillaries in healthy black and white subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography.

This study compared macular capillary parameters between healthy black and white subjects using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We measured vessel density (VD) of superficial (SCP), intermediate (ICP), and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses and choriocapillaris blood flow area (BFA) of the fovea, parafovea and total 3 mm-diameter circular area centered on the fovea, as well as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters, controlling for axial length. Black subjects had lower foveal and parafoveal VD in the SCP (p = 0.

Quantitative Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) Parameters in a Black Diabetic Population and Correlations with Systemic Diseases.

This is a cross-sectional, prospective study of a population of black diabetic participants without diabetic retinopathy aimed to investigate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics and correlations with systemic diseases in this population. These parameters could serve as novel biomarkers for microvascular complications; especially in black populations which are more vulnerable to diabetic microvascular complications. Linear mixed models were used to obtain OCTA mean values ± standard deviation and analyze statistical correlations to systemic diseases.

Recurrent Spontaneous Macular Hole Formation and Resolution in a Patient With Previous Vitrectomy.

Purpose: We report a case of recurrent macular hole (MH) formation and spontaneous closure in the absence of any vitreoretinal interface abnormality.

Methods: A 49-year-old man presented for his annual ocular examination with no specific ocular complaints. He had a history of retinal detachment in the left eye, which was treated years prior with vitrectomy and scleral buckle.

Use of Fundus Autofluorescence Combined with Optical Coherence Tomography for Diagnose of Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the sensitivity of Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in detection of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to exudative age related macular degeneration (AMD). In this retrospective case series study 77 patients (53% female, with mean ± standard deviation [SD] of 82.6±9.

Superficial and deep retinal foveal avascular zone OCTA findings of non-infectious anterior and posterior uveitis.

Purpose: To compare the superficial (FAZ-S) and deep foveal avascular zones (FAZ-D) of non-infectious anterior and posterior uveitis to healthy controls, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: OCTA was performed on 74 eyes: 34 eyes with non-infectious posterior uveitis (with (post+CME) and without macular edema (post-CME)), 11 eyes with non-infectious anterior uveitis (with (ant+CME) and without macular edema (ant-CME)), and the control group which included 29 healthy eyes.

Results: Eyes suffering from non-infectious posterior uveitis presented with significantly larger FAZ-D when compared to healthy controls, both in the presence or in the absence of macular edema (p < 0.

[Variability of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy among various ethnicities].

Introduction: Current screening recommendations for chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy are based on central 10°C static perimetry and a high-resolution SD-OCT with a special attention to the inferior part of the macula where the toxicity usually starts by ellipsoid zone disruption. However, Melles and Marmor, have recently shown a great variability in the topography of the initial toxicity observed among various ethnicities, which is important to keep in mind so as not to miss early toxicity in certain subgroups of patients.

Methods: Review of the literature.

[Update on recommendations for screening for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy].

Introduction: Recommendations for screening for chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy have recently been changed by the American Academy of Ophthalmology, taking into account new published data on toxicity prevalence, risk factors, location of onset in the retina and the efficacy of screening tests.

Methods: Literature review.

Results And Discussion: The risk of developing CQ or HCQ retinopathy depends on the daily dose and duration of treatment.

Evaluation of outer retinal tubulations in eyes switched from intravitreal ranibizumab to aflibercept for treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the changes of outer retinal tubulations (ORTs) as seen on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) where treatment was switched from intravitreal ranibizumab to intravitreal aflibercept.

Methods: This was a prospective study of eyes diagnosed with neovascular AMD and previously treated with >6 intravitreal ranibizumab injections and switched to aflibercept, conducted at a single centre (Department of Ophthalmology at Pitié Salpetriere Hospital, Paris VI University) from January to July 2015. Before and after treatment was switched from ranibizumab to aflibercept, SD-OCT was used to evaluate the presence of ORTs.

Uveitic macular edema.

Macular edema (ME) may complicate anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis, which may be because of various infectious, neoplastic or autoimmune etiologies. BRB breakdown is involved in the pathogenesis of Uveitic ME (UME). Optical coherence tomography has become a standard tool to confirm the diagnosis of macular thickening, due to its non-invasive, reproducible, and sensitive features.

Evolving Knowledge in Pharmacologic Treatments of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Modern retinal drug therapy is a result of the recent challenges and breakthroughs in chemistry, physics, genetics, cell biology and biotechnologies. Specific pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic characteristics of a drug are of major importance and contribute to its ability to penetrate targeted ocular tissues in order to result in effective therapeutic concentrations. In addition, the drugs should maintain a prolonged time of activity and be safe with minimal local and systemic toxicity.

[Comparison of early management of central retinal vein occlusion with ranibizumab versus hemodilution].

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of early treatment of CRVO with either hemodilution by erythrocytopheresis or intravitreal (IVT) ranibizumab, or both.

Material And Methods: A multicentric prospective randomized study including patients with CRVO for less than 1 month was designed. Patients were randomized into 3 treatment groups: hemodilution (HD group), 3 monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab followed by PRN treatment (IVT group), or combined treatment (IVT+HD group).

Evaluating the impact of summer vacation on the visual acuity of AMD patients treated with ranibizumab.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of traditional French summer vacation on visual acuity and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of Wet AMD patients being treated with intravitreal Ranibizumab.

Methods: This was a consecutive, comparative, single-centre, prospective analysis. All patients who were being treated with intravitreal injection of 0.

Ranibizumab for exudative age-related macular degeneration: A five year study of adherence to follow-up in a real-life setting.

Purpose: To analyze adherence to follow-up over 5 years in patients treated with intravitreal ranibizumab for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a tertiary health care center. To investigate factors associated with failure to continue follow-up.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all consecutive patients with exudative AMD, who received their first intravitreal ranibizumab injection at the Créteil Intercommunal University Hospital Eye Clinic between October 1, 2006 and March 31, 2007.

[Uveitic macular edema].

Macular edema may complicate anterior, intermediate, and posterior uveitis, which may be due to various infectious, tumoral, or autoimmune etiologies. Breakdown of the internal or external blood-retinal barrier is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory macular edema. Optical coherence tomography has become standard in confirming the diagnosis of macular thickening, due to its non-invasive, reproducible and sensitivity characteristics.

Multimodal analysis of the progression of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy.

Purpose: To investigate the multimodal morphological features in the different stages of Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (VMD) in subjects harboring mutations in the BEST1 gene, and their changes during the progression of the disease.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study performed between January 2007 and December 2012, 21 patients (42 eyes) with Best VMD from eight families with the BEST1 mutation were included. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) were evaluated at study entry and at last visit.

Functional characterization and multimodal imaging of treatment-naive "quiescent" choroidal neovascularization.

Purpose: To investigate the multimodal morphological and functional characteristics of treatment-naïve "quiescent" choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to AMD.

Methods: Eleven patients with treatment-naïve "quiescent" CNV that consecutively presented over a 6-month period, underwent multimodal morphological and functional assessment (including indocyanine green angiography [ICGA], spectral-domain optical coherence tomography [SD-OCT], microperimetry, and preferential hyperacuity perimeter [PHP]). For the purpose of this study, asymptomatic previously untreated CNVs showing absence of intraretinal/subretinal exudation in two consecutive visits (at least 6 months apart) were defined as treatment-naïve "quiescent" CNV.

Reticular pattern dystrophy of the retina: a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography analysis.

Purpose: To analyze the outer retinal and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) features of reticular pattern dystrophy of the retina using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT).

Design: Retrospective observational case series.

Methods: Consecutive patients with reticular pattern dystrophy of the retina underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including assessment of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus biomicroscopy, fluorescein angiography (FA), and SDOCT.