Postoperative outcomes of a pelvic pouch procedure: Lessons learned over 40 years among 5070 patients.

Background: This study aimed to report the experience over 40 years and outcomes of 5070 patients who underwent a pelvic pouch procedure.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) database (1983-2022) was performed. Patients were stratified based on the following diagnoses: ulcerative colitis (UC), indeterminate colitis (IC), familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-dysplasia, Crohn colitis (CD), and others.

Validation of SynthSeg segmentation performance on CT using paired MRI from radiotherapy patients.

Introduction: Manual segmentation of medical images is labor intensive and especially challenging for images with poor contrast or resolution. The presence of disease exacerbates this further, increasing the need for an automated solution. To this extent, SynthSeg is a robust deep learning model designed for automatic brain segmentation across various contrasts and resolutions.

Liver Transplantation for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma After Chemotherapy and Radioembolization: An Intention-To-Treat Study.

Liver transplantation (LT) is a potentially curative experimental treatment for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC). Pre-transplant downstaging may help defining tumor aggressiveness and drive patient selection. We report the preliminary results of LT for liver-limited unresectable iCC after sequential downstaging with systemic chemotherapy and radioembolization (SYS-TARE).

Automatic segmentation for magnetic resonance imaging guided individual elective lymph node irradiation in head and neck cancer patients.

Background And Purpose: In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, the radiation dose to nearby organs at risk can be reduced by restricting elective neck irradiation from lymph node levels to individual lymph nodes. However, manual delineation of every individual lymph node is time-consuming and error prone. Therefore, automatic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) segmentation of individual lymph nodes was developed and tested using a convolutional neural network (CNN).

Preclinical pharmacology of patient-derived extracellular vesicles for the intraoperative imaging of tumors.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from the plasma of oncological patients exhibit significant tumor-targeting properties, unlike those from healthy individuals. We have previously shown the feasibility of formulating the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) with patient-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) for selective delivery to neoplastic tissue. This staining protocol holds promise for clinical application in intraoperative tumor margin imaging, enabling precise neoplastic tissue resection.

Assessment of Chemical and Biological Fungicides for the Control of Causing Wood Necrosis in Hazelnut.

Fungal trunk disease (FTD) poses a significant threat to hazelnut ( L.) production worldwide. In Chile, the fungus , from the Botryosphaeriaceae family, has been frequently identified causing this disease in the Maule and Ñuble Regions.

Quality of Life, Functional Outcomes, and Recurrence After Resection Rectopexy Versus Ventral Mesh Rectopexy for Rectal Prolapse Repair.

Background: Resection rectopexy and ventral mesh rectopexy are widely accepted surgical options for the treatment of rectal prolapse; however, reports on long-term recurrence rates and functional outcomes are lacking.

Objective: We compared quality of life, long-term functional outcomes, and prolapse recurrence after resection rectopexy versus ventral mesh rectopexy.

Design: We retrospectively reviewed our prospectively collected rectal prolapse surgery database.

What Predicts Complete Response to Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer?

Background: Total neoadjuvant therapy in the treatment of stage II and III rectal cancer involves the administration of either induction or consolidation chemotherapy with chemoradiation before surgery. Total neoadjuvant therapy is associated with an increased complete response rate, which is defined as the proportion of patients who either had a pathological complete response after surgery or sustained a clinical complete response for at least 1 year under surveillance.

Objective: To identify the predictors of complete response to total neoadjuvant therapy and compare different diagnostic tools in predicting complete response.

The Impact of Biliary Injury on the Recurrence of Biliary Cancer and Benign Disease after Liver Transplantation: Risk Factors and Mechanisms.

Liver transplantation is known to generate significant inflammation in the entire organ based on the metabolic profile and the tissue's ability to recover from the ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This cascade contributes to post-transplant complications, affecting both the synthetic liver function (immediate) and the scar development in the biliary tree. The new occurrence of biliary strictures, and the recurrence of malignant and benign liver diseases, such as cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are direct consequences linked to this inflammation.

Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and end ileostomy result in equivalent graft survival following liver transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease-primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Introduction: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis may require both liver transplantation and colectomy. There are concerns about increased rates of hepatic artery thrombosis, biliary strictures, and hepatic graft loss in patients with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis compared to those with end ileostomy. We hypothesized that graft survival was not negatively affected by ileal pouch-anal anastomosis compared to end ileostomy.

Generating synthetic computed tomography for radiotherapy: SynthRAD2023 challenge report.

Radiation therapy plays a crucial role in cancer treatment, necessitating precise delivery of radiation to tumors while sparing healthy tissues over multiple days. Computed tomography (CT) is integral for treatment planning, offering electron density data crucial for accurate dose calculations. However, accurately representing patient anatomy is challenging, especially in adaptive radiotherapy, where CT is not acquired daily.

Automated radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of two new PSMA-617 derivatives radiolabelled via [F]AlF method.

Background: In the last decade the development of new PSMA-ligand based radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of prostate cancer has been a highly active and important area of research. The most promising derivative in terms of interaction with the antigen and clinical properties has been found to be "PSMA-617", and its lutetium-177 radiolabelled version has recently been approved by EU and USA regulatory agencies for therapeutic purposes. For the above reasons, the development of new derivatives of PSMA-617 radiolabelled with fluorine-18 may still be of great interest.

Predictors of En Bloc, R0 Resection, and Postprocedural Complications After Advanced Endoscopic Resections for Colorectal Neoplasms: Results of 1213 Procedures.

Background: Advanced endoscopic resection techniques are used to treat colorectal neoplasms that are not amenable to conventional colonoscopic resection. Literature regarding the predictors of the outcomes of advanced endoscopic resections, especially from a colorectal surgical unit, is limited.

Objective: To determine the predictors of short-term and long-term outcomes after advanced endoscopic resections.

Expanding Selection Criteria in Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Long-term Follow-up of a National Registry and 2 Transplant Centers.

Background: This study compares selection criteria for liver transplant (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for inclusivity and predictive ability to identify the most permissive criteria that maintain patient outcomes.

Methods: The Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database was queried for deceased donor LT's for HCC (2003-2020) with 3-y follow-up; these data were compared with a 2-center experience. Milan, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), 5-5-500, Up-to-seven (U7), HALT-HCC, and Metroticket 2.

What Is the Optimal Strategy for Pouch Salvage at Time of Redo Ileal-Pouch Anal Anastomosis? Pouch Repair with Reanastomosis vs Pouch Excision with Neopouch.

Background: The long-term risk of pouch failure after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) range from 5% to 15%. Salvage surgery for failing IPAA may be achieved by disconnecting the IPAA and either repairing and reusing the existing pouch (REP) or constructing a neopouch (NEO). We aimed to evaluate whether there are differences in long-term functional pouch survival and functional outcomes between the REP group and the NEO group.

Outcome of incidental versus preoperatively diagnosed colorectal cancer during total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for inflammatory bowel disease.

Aim: Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the treatment of choice for colorectal cancer (CRC) in inflammatory bowel disease. CRC may also be discovered incidentally at IPAA for other indications. We sought to determine whether incidentally found CRC at IPAA was associated with worse outcomes.

Age Matters: What Affects the Cumulative Lifespan of a Transplanted Liver?

Objective: To assess factors affecting the cumulative lifespan of a transplanted liver.

Background: Liver aging is different from other solid organs. It is unknown how old a liver can actually get after liver transplantation.

Redo IPAA for long rectal cuff syndrome after ileoanal pouch for inflammatory bowel disease.

Abtract: BACKGROUND: When constructing an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), the rectal cuff should ideally be 1-2 cm long to avoid subsequent complications.

Methods: We identified patients from our IBD center who underwent redo IPAA for a long rectal cuff. Long rectal cuff syndrome (LRCS) was defined as a symptomatic rectal cuff ≥ 4 cm.

State of the Art: Pouch Surgery in the 21st Century.

Background: An ileoanal pouch with IPAA is the preferred method to restore intestinal continuity in patients who require a total proctocolectomy. Pouch surgery has evolved during the past decades thanks to increased experience and research, changes in the medical management of patients who require an ileal pouch, and technological innovations.

Objective: To review the main changes in pouch surgery over the past 2 decades, with a focus on staging, minimally invasive and transanal approaches, pouch design, and anastomotic configuration.

Deep-learning-based joint rigid and deformable contour propagation for magnetic resonance imaging-guided prostate radiotherapy.

Background: Deep learning-based unsupervised image registration has recently been proposed, promising fast registration. However, it has yet to be adopted in the online adaptive magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) workflow.

Purpose: In this paper, we design an unsupervised, joint rigid, and deformable registration framework for contour propagation in MRgRT of prostate cancer.

Third Time's the Charm? Indications and Outcomes for Redo-Redo IPAA.

Background: Up to 20% to 40% cases of redo IPAA procedures will result in pouch failure. Whether to offer a second redo procedure to maintain intestinal continuity remains a controversial decision.

Objective: To report our institutional experience of second redo IPAA procedures.

Positive relation between dopamine neuron degeneration and metabolic connectivity disruption in the MPTP plus probenecid mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

The clinical manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD) appears when neurodegeneration is already advanced, compromising the efficacy of disease-modifying treatment approaches. Biomarkers to identify the early stages of PD are therefore of paramount importance for the advancement of the therapy of PD. In the present study, by using a mouse model of PD obtained by subchronic treatment with the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and the clearance inhibitor probenecid (MPTPp), we identified prodromal markers of PD by combining in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and ex vivo immunohistochemistry.