The emerging role of the microglia triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) 2 in multiple sclerosis.

Background: The chronic inflammatory condition known as multiple sclerosis (MS) causes inflammation and demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS). The activation of multiple cell types, including the CNS's resident immune cells called microglia, is a component of the immunological response in MS. Recently, the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) family has emerged as a crucial player in modulating microglial function and subsequent neuroinflammation.

Prostate cancer: Novel genetic and immunologic biomarkers.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered one of the most prevalent male malignancies worldwide with a global burden estimated to increase over the next two decades. Due to significant mortality and debilitation of survival, early diagnosis has been described as key. Unfortunately, current diagnostic serum-based strategies have low specificity and sensitivity.

Endoplasmic Reticulum as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer: Is there a Role for Flavonoids?

Flavonoids are classified into subclasses of polyphenols, a multipurpose category of natural compounds which comprises secondary metabolites extracted from vascular plants and are plentiful in the human diet. Although the details of flavonoid mechanisms are still not realized correctly, they are generally regarded as antimicrobial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative; anti-mutagenic; anti-neoplastic; anti-aging; anti-diabetic, cardio-protective, etc. The anti-cancer properties of flavonoids are evident in functions such as prevention of proliferation, metastasis, invasion, inflammation and activation of cell death.